Alexander Column. Iindawo ezinika umdla zotyelelo St. Petersburg

Ngubani na kuze kube eSt Petersburg, weva omnye zabalinganiswa yakhe imisebenzi Pushkin. "Endiyimisileyo ilitye lesikhumbuzo ngaphandle ngezandla ...". Kuba imbongi, le esasiyindumasi isixeko kwi Neva waye umlinganiselo yokwenene ukuphakama kuzo zonke ingqiqo ilizwi. Ndingathanda ukwazi ngokwenene; yintoni na, Alexander Column?

Malunga nezibonda neentsika

Ngendlela, abantu makangazi maxa wambi bathi akukho intsika nentsika. Yintoni umahluko? Isondlo - akukho: Intsika - eli gama yamandulo yaziwa kakuhle kuthi ilizwi. Kodwa enyanisweni, umahluko phakathi kwezinto ezimbini kakhulu: post - yinto nje into ende kwaye limbatshile, kwaye umqulu - kule kholam zokwakha, kwaye luphawu ngobukhulu, eqaqambileyo. Ungabona abantu "iintsika 'ezibalaseleyo inokuba malunga ezikhumbuzo.

ezindlebeni wokufika elithi Alexander Column, ukuthetha ngokuthe ngqo, ayikho zichanekile; enyanisweni, igama ezinika - Alexander Column. Kodwa ashiywe amagama Pushkin otshonileyo umphefumlo, yaye ligama sesikweni wanamathela. Kwaye ngenxa yokuba uhlobo litye lesikhumbuzo iyahambelana kwinkcazelo eentsika zokwakha, ukuze ukwakhiwa uyingangamsha ngokwenene.

zakhiwe mangaliso

Alexander Column eSt Petersburg yakhiwa ngo-1834, indawo yayo - Palace Square. Iyalele wezakhiwo A. odumileyo owazenza uMlawuli Nicholas I. lesikhumbuzo, ziqhutywa isimbo uBukhosi Montferrand, yena kwanikezelwa umkhuluwa wakhe omdala nguzwilakhe Alexander I - Russian ngungqondongqondo uloyiso phezu uNapoleon Army.

Umsebenzi kwi projekthi lesikhumbuzo kwakungelula, kuxoxwa iinketho ezahlukeneyo. lo msebenzi laliqulunqwe: ukufumana ulwakhiwo ubukeka embhoxo kumhlathi kaTrajan eseRoma, kodwa ukuphakama elingaphezu Vendome e Paris. kwezo meko ezincinane Montferrand akazange bavunyelwe ukuba baveze ngokupheleleyo ngamnye, kunye nokwakhiwa lesikhumbuzo lula ugqibe, nokuba iguqulwe, kodwa iingcamango zabanye abantu. Sekunjalo, lo lesikhumbuzo iyodwa yena waba liphezulu phakathi kwezinye izakhiwo woloyiso ehlabathini. Ngoko wezakhiwo, ngokushiya izinto ezongezelelweyo ukuba banxibe umhlathi monolithic ka-25,6 m ngobude, wagxininisa ubuhle bendalo lenyengane pink egudisiweyo.

Ubude lilonke kwesakhiwo kunye wakha phezu ingelosi oqingqiweyo neemitha ngaphezu kwama-47. Ngokulinganayo zobukhulu enomtsalane musa ukuvumela ukuqwalasela ngokweenkcukacha oko Alexander Column. Amafoto, phezu koko, ukuvumela ukuba ukuhlola zonke iinkalo lesikhumbuzo, kwaye ingakumbi, ukwakhiwa egqwesileyo inxalenye ephezulu.

Iingelosi nookhozi

Le tshe nje kuphela into banconywa nolangazelelo, kodwa kananjalo zobunjineli ezintsonkothileyo. Kwaye kanye ephakamileyo, ngomzi othwesa lesikhumbuzo angel umsebenzi B. Orlovsky bengenabo inkxaso eyongezelelweyo ngenxa ubunzima bayo. Loo isisombululo zokwakha ixesha elide kwakhokelela uloyiko abemi, loo nto ixela ukuba lesikhumbuzo ngesiquphe ukuyisonga. Ukudambisa ezi uloyiko, umakhi waqalisa ukuhamba kusasa emazantsi wentsika.

Lo mzobo lobhedu zobungangamela ingelosi kufuna ingqalelo ekhethekileyo. Enye isandla liphakamele esibhakabhakeni, omnye uqhuba umnqamlezo, bemnyathela inyoka. Lo mfanekiso kufuneka kufanekisela ihlabathi, nto leyo eye kwaziswa eYurophu Russian Army, bamkhulula kwi uNapoleon. ngelosi Imbonakalo ngandlel embhoxo iimpawu ebusweni noMlawuli Alexander I.

Ukubeka ecingweni kwaye betha i nokuphuculwa lesikhumbuzo kunye nokuphunyezwa xaka. Monument ku Alexander Column singqongwe kocingo unyawo ezintlanu-a ngobhedu, nombhali projekthi leyo nayo Montferrand. iingcingo Decoration babekho inani elininzi okhozi kabini-headed kunye esineendidi, waza wasithimba nompu. Ngelishwa, kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ezi ntaka esikhulu amanani amakhulu "wabulawa" kwi ezandleni bakhona, abemi, kwaye kufakwe iikopi.

Ukusuka kwimbali lesikhumbuzo

Alexander Column kwavulwa Agasti 30, 1834 (emva kweminyaka emihlanu emva kokuba). Esekwe entliziyweni Palace Square, eli litye lesikhumbuzo yaba touch lokugqibela kuyilo yayo. Kumsitho wokuvula yazinyaswa ngabo bonke indlu yakomkhulu, ikhokelwe kuKhesare, kwakunye nabameli ezininzi zozakuzo. Xa unyawo litye lesikhumbuzo kwenzeka ngentloko imfundiso amisiweyo, waguqa umkhosi omkhulu Russian sakhiwa kwisikwere.

History of Alexander Column engenakulibaleka. Le lesikhumbuzo wasinda kunye revolution, nemfazwe, kwaye lemvula imozulu yase St Petersburg. Kakade ke, ukususela kumaxesha ngamaxesha wawubuyisela, kodwa inkoliso zomsebenzi kuphela izithambiso.

Monument kunye USSR

Izithinteli ahlaselwe kanobom ukuba kwiminyaka yokuqala kwamandla Soviet. Isithuba ecaleni lesikhumbuzo zitshintshiwe, uthango kwi 30 kwinkulungwane lokugqibela zanyibilika amatyala iCartridge. Kunzima ukubalelana kunye nemigaqo isithunywa akekho phambi leeholide sahlanganiswa cap ebomvu ngelaphu okanye iibhola zigqunyiweyo kuhla indiza.

Bathi rhoqo kwaye nzulu ngazo utshintsho yamanani lonqulo ukunqulwa (ekuqaleni kwaba umbuzo ka Lenin, ngoko Stalin). Kodwa, yona, ezi zimvo ayikhange ilandelwe, kwaye isithunywa siba kwindawo yaso. Abayi kufika yinyaniso, kunye nezicwangciso zokuthengwa kwezinye imikrolo zobhedu le koseko ezitsha, ezisekelwe ziya kusekelwa kwimixholo yotshintsho olululo. Kamva, Alexander Column yaba ucingo, ukusungulwa ngenyameko ngokuvumelana iifoto ezindala kunye nezinto zembali. intshumayelo yakhe emisiweyo kwenzeka ngo-2004.

igadi ihlobo

Alexander Column, nangona kukho uhlobo ngani umzi, kodwa ngaphandle ukuba kukho into ukuze ubone. Iindawo ezinika umdla zotyelelo St. Petersburg bayakwazi ukuchukumisa nkqu umhambi kakhulu onamava. Umzekelo, i- Summer Palace of Peter I. Ngomnye izakhiwo ezindala esi sixeko, ukwakhiwa yobuciko, yaye akukho ndlela efanayo ukuya yokuhlala yasebukhosini. UPetros, landlelwe ikomkhulu lethu wasentla, wafuna ukwakha yokuhlala ehlotyeni, sifunda Versailles. bezakhiwo ophum egadini abasebenze akulambathi - indawo apho ebhotwe (Summer Garden) ngobambana ebuhleni bayo nangobuciko. Park kwaye ikhefu eyayithandwa yabantu baloo dolophu, kunye nenjongo lokuphambukela abakhenkethi abaninzi unanamhla.

I Bronze umgadi

Kulo emehlweni abo baye zange watyelela isixeko kwi Neva, niyazi misebenzi Pushkin. "Ngomhla elunxwemeni kwamaza ephanzileyo, wema izele iingcinga ezinkulu" ... Ngoobani na la mazwi? Oh ndoda, malunga lesikhumbuzo?

Ngesandla ukukhanya imbongi enkulu ebizwa ngokuba Bronze abamahashe yenye ezikhoyo ezimbalwa lesikhumbuzo kuPetros I. lesikhumbuzo okunene efanayo ngobhedu, kodwa yenziwe ngobhedu. Umbhali yayo yi nomkroli Falcone French, owabonisa umsebenzi wakhe umfanekiso omtsha into engalindelekanga kwaye owasungula esi sixeko. UCatherine II, wayala Umfanekiso uPetros wayefuna ukubona ngathi umlawuli waseRoma imbonakalo yakhe emikhosini yonke imfanelo yamandla. Falcone wenza into eyahlukileyo. UPetros - umkhweli phezu uhamba yokukhulisa. Ngokutsho ababhali, ihashe, Bathiwe wambu bearskin, ndimnyashe yi iimpuphu inyoka - ukuba ningazi nezasendle, kodwa ezoyiswa umlawuli. Inani le Peter efanayo - ke ngumfuziselo amandla, umnqweno inkqubela kunye nokuqina ekuphakamiseni imigaqo yayo.

YeBronzi umgadi - ayikho nje enye ezinika ezininzi olukhulu kweso sixeko. Eli nani ke umqondiso yayo; Le nto ndiyibhalayo zamaqhawe ezininzi namabali.

Hermitage

Ukuba izakuzama ukudwelisa ubuncinane izinto edume St. Petersburg, amagama lisenokubhidekisa - kakhulu abaninzi babo. Kodwa kukho nto kuloo ndawo ekufuneka ukuba zityelele nayiphi na kubakhenkethi (hayi kwaphela umbuzo yabantu baloo dolophu ngayo - ukuba beze ukuba apha ngokufuthi kangangoko kunokwenzeka). Le Hermitage - imyuziyam art edume! Eli bhotwe lihleli kwizakhiwo ezahluka-6, iyileyo - ilitye lesikhumbuzo nembali kunye engundoqo kubo lo Winter Palace. Le myuziyam iqulathe malunga nezigidi ezi-3 imiba, kuquka imisebenzi ongenakufa titian, uLeonardo da Vinci, Rembrandt, Raphael. Dwelisa zonke obukhulu agcinwe apha, akunakwenzeka. Kodwa ukubaluleka itrayi ubuncinane abanye babo ukuba bathathe look.

Cruiser "Aurora"

Le nqanawa, Kunokuhlala yokupaka banaphakade chibi esi sixeko, kumaxesha eSoviet wayesazi wonke umntwana. "Aurora" - idabi Cruiser, lowo uthatha inxaxheba amadabi amaninzi zobugorha, kwathiwa, ke, eyaziwa ngokuba nezinye izizathu. Ukunika 25 Oktobha 1917 shot elingabhalwanga kwi Winter Palace, "Aurora" uzimisele bayahlelwa revolution kunye uBukhosi Russian.

Xa 70s yenkulungwane wokugqibela amakhitshi Soviet wayethanda ukuxoxa i bhalo. Brezhnev uvuka ebusuku kwindawo ukubila ebandayo, umfazi wakhe babezibuza oko kwakuqhubeka. othetha Unobhala-Jikelele malunga usizi lwakhe. Njengokuba, Lenin uyaqubha ecaleni koMlambo eMoscow enqanaweni, induku ende ukukhuph emazantsi ize ithi: "Apha," Aurora "uya kubanjwa. Kwaye apha, nawe! "

indoda Modern akayiqondi intsingiselo a joke. Kodwa abantu abahlala kuloo minyaka, "Aurora" waba enxulumene utshintsho, ezo awayeyinqwenela umphakathi, kwaye basoyika kangangokuba abasemagunyeni. Utshintsho kweli lizwe eyenzeka - inyaniso, kamva kancinane, kwaye ngaphandle volleys aselwandle. Society yaye kule mini iingxabano uphuphu, nokuba ingaba kuyimfuneko ukwenza loo nto? Ngokubanzi, kuba "Aurora" nje kwimeko, gcina iliso akabi buhlungu!