Abemi Famous kunye evelele Bashkortostan

Yenza uluhlu lwe "abemi abadumileyo of the Republic of Bashkortostan". Phakathi kwabo - abameli uncwadi, umculo, ubuchule yokuluka. abemi ababalaseleyo Bashkortostan wabonisa ngokwayo kwiindawo ezininzi zobugcisa. Sicebisa ukuba ubazi ngakumbi. Kuvula uluhlu lwethu Mazhit Gafuri.

Mazhit Gafuri

Iminyaka yobomi yayo owaseka Bashkir kunye Tatar iincwadi, kwakunye imbongi wesizwe Bashkortostan - 1880 - 1934 kwiminyaka. Kwincwadi yakhe ibonakalisa iingxaki eziphambili zentlalo Tatarstan kunye Bashkortostan kwindawo yokuqala zenkulungwane yama-20.

Mazhit Gafuri - unyana utitshala elalini Zilim-Karanovo. Kwiminyaka-13, yena, ndayihluthwa zombini unina noyise, yena uqala Azibhadulise kufuna umsebenzi kwi Urals. A kwagxila kuye ebutsheni bakhe ubuchule akyns Kazakh iingoma, amabali kunye namabali bezizwe zomthonyama kunye Kazakh.

indlela creative

umbongo wakhe wokuqala, othi "Shakidram Ishan" Mazhit Gafuri wadala ebusika 1901-1902. Ingqokelela yokuqala yapapashwa Orenburg ngo-1904. Ngelo xesha linye njengencwadi eyahlukileyo Kazan yapapasha ibali lokuqala lombhali ye "Ubomi, ebanjwe ubuhlwempu." Gafuri isebenza ngexesha elinye nje umbhali kwaye imbongi, phambi kokuphela indlela ngobuchule ngelixa aqhubeke ukusebenza ntlobo ezahlukeneyo. imibongo eyaziwayo lo mbhali kaloliwe eSiberia, nto leyo lubhiyozelwa senkulungwane inkqubela, kwaye kukho isihloko backwardness kophuhliso lwaseYurophu basempumalanga, intswela kunye nengcinezelo Bashkirs kunye AmaTatar xa kuthelekiswa ne-Russian.

I-revolution ka 1905 umbhali yamkela lonke-heartedly yanikezelwa kuye kulo nyaka i "Vesi Ulonwabo", ubiza eli xesha "kwelanga inkululeko."

Phakathi kwezinye imisebenzi inqaku inoveli le zombhali "Ihlwempu" (1907), apho kuboniswa ubomi ezidolophini amahlwempu ithemba, "yeeNkedama" (1907), kwakunye imibongo 1908-1909 ( "isityebi", "indoda esisityebi kwaye umqeshwa "" Ndicela uxolo "," lo mngqibi "), nto leyo Unikela ukungalingani yemeko yentlalo. Ekubeni phakathi Bashkirs ngo-1909, wapapasha "Zayatulyak and Hyuhylu" ibonwe. Ngowe-1927 kwagqitywa egcwalisiweyo iye yaba ibali ethandwa kakhulu "Ubudanisile" ( "Chernolikie") - omnye yemisebenzi yakhe emihle, nto leyo emele i ntlekele ngokupheleleyo indawo likhoboka kwabasetyhini basemaphandleni. Kukho lo mbhali kunye namabali abantwana abaliqela esithi: "umkhonzi", "Goose Wild", "Lost Aktyrnak" kunye nabanye.

Mustai Karim

Sidlulisa kuluhlu lwethu of "abemi ababalaseleyo Bashkortostan." Okulandelayo umbhali, leyo ndingathanda ukunixelela - it Mustai Karim, imbongi. Wazalwa ngo-1919, uye wabonakala kwintsapho yakhe kuphela owesibini umntu, owaye esazi ukuba ukufunda nokubhala. Eyokuqala yaba umzalwana wakhe omdala. Xa kwaqalisa imfazwe, imbongi elizayo wathweswa nje ukusuka zokufundisa Institute, Faculty of Literature, yaye ngoko nangoko waya ngaphambili. Kuyo yonke inkonzo, wabhala umbongo, nokuba baya e esibhedlele kunye yokulimala. Emva ngokulungisa Mustai Karim yaba othile yamaphephandaba ezahlukeneyo phambi-line, ngomhla wokugqibela sokuhlala ngaphambili. imibongo Military wamngenisa kuye udumo lokwenene.

Iimpawu bobuchule

Mustai Karim abanama- kusinika Bashkiria - wabhala lukhulu malunga ilizwe lokuzalwa kwakhe. Kwimibongo yakhe amadlelo ovame nomhlaba olimekayo, amachibi, imilambo kunye neentaba IiReggaeton ubomi.

Imbongi iphakamisa imibuzo enzulu. umntu ukuba aphile nje? Impendulo inokufumaneka kulo mbongo Mustai Karim "Ngoko ke luqala ubomi."

Ngowe-1957, wabhala comedy "Le Omhlaba yentombazana", ezele intsomi ezihlekisayo. Sekunjalo, uhlobo ntlekele kufutshane umsebenzi wakhe. Peru kuba umbhali wale "yeLizwe Aigul" (1967) - zomdlalo yothando, yintlekele, "Salavat" (1971) kunye nezinye izinto ezingcwele ukuba mxholo - ekufuneni intsingiselo yabantu yobomi ngokwayo.

"Uvuyo indlu yethu" ithatha indawo ekhethekileyo phakathi kwezinye iincwadi abazinikele ngayo inkcazelo yobuntwana emkhosini. Yena ngakhanyi kakhulu, ubalisa ibali ubuhlobo phakathi kwabantwana ababini kunye nezizwe zelizwe elo lizwe.

Ubuqambi wembongi, ezele ngoko luthando ngenxa lokhokho kunye nezizwe mmandla, nomnqweno wokwenza ukuba abantu ngcono.

Gaziz Salikhovich Al'mukhametov

Uluhlu "abemi elidumileyo Bashkortostan" Kambe ke, iquka Gaziza Salikhovich Almuhametova. yokufa kwale ndoda (1895-1937) waye feat efanayo. Sinikela kuwe umsebenzi lo mbhali ziqukwe kuluhlu "abemi ababalaseleyo Bashkortostan." Amafoto ukubona ngaphezulu.

Gaziz Almukhametov wazalwa kwintsapho ihlwempu kwabasebenzi basezifama. Ngenye imini, kunye nomzalwana wakhe omkhulu, waya kusebenza, akuba novulelweyo Tashkent. Kwelinye inkwenkwe ilizwe ukhumbula ngokwenene ilizwe lokuzalwa kwakhe, yaye sifaka la mava iingoma zakho ozithandayo ukuba wayesazi lukhulu ukususela ebuntwaneni. Singing Gaziza neziyolo nangezinto Bashkirs, abaqala mema ukuba ikonsathi e Tashkent kwiipaki.

Ukuthandwa kwandisa

Kwiminyaka embalwa kamva udumo lwakhe olude nokuba Central Asia, wafika Bashkortostan, Tatarstan kunye eSiberia. Okulandelayo yaba ukhenketho eSiberia, kummandla iVolga, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan. Lo mfana, owayesele zifakwe kuluhlu "abantu ezibalaseleyo Bashkortostan", awuzali kuphela kumsebenzi kwikonsathi, ngokucacileyo nomdla Tatar kunye Bashkir iingoma iintsomi, amabali kunye nembali. Yena uqokelela kubo noovimba, kuxhaphaka ngoku ukuba folklorist.

Emva koko unomdla ingcamango yokudala esekelwe Bashkir kunye Tatar intsomi imiculo opera kwaye yenza kuyo (i-opera "Saniya"). Le States iye yabanjwa e Kazan ngo-1925. Ilandelwe yi omnye, "Eshse".

Emva koko Gaziz Salihovic ukukhangela iitalente opera istudiyo, ukuba umcebisi zeemvumi ezininzi, iimvumi kunye abaqambi, kamva kwakhona yongezwe kuluhlu "ubuntu ababalaseleyo Bashkortostan."

Ngowe-1933 wapapasha incwadi phezu iingxaki zemfundo zomculo.

Ahmad Lutfullin

Inyaniso, ukunyaniseka, ubugcisa ocacileyo walo mculi, owazalwa ngo-1928, ophumelela ubuzwe. Oku kuyinyaniso nje kuphela Bashkir imvelaphi, kodwa kukubona abantu uncamathiselo ebantwini nomhlaba labantu.

Lo mboniso yokuqala yemisebenzi yakhe yayibanjelwe 1957, ehlotyeni, kwi ipaki wesixeko e Ufa. Noko ke abanye, kwaye kwacaca ukuba lo mntu unalo zonke makings ukongeza kuluhlu kwixesha elizayo "Abantu obalaseleyo Republic of Bashkortostan". Kwaye kumaphephandaba, yaye abaphulaphuli wathabatha eli ubushushu mboniso. Nditsho emisebenzini yakhe yakudala kubonakala umnqweno ukwenza ukosuleleka iimpawu ilungileyo yabantu Bashkiria (a ubutyebi noxolo lwengqondo, ubuhle bangaphandle, imvo isidima esizwe) imifanekiso ngobude.

Imisebenzi best

Ngowe-1968, lo mbhali ziqukwe kuluhlu "zabantu abadumile Bashkortostan", wabhala enye imisebenzi yakhe emihle - "Golden Autumn", ifoto, reflection, esibonisa abadala isibini esitshatileyo.

impumelelo enkulu yaba umfanekiso Lutfullina "Women ezintathu" (1969), nto leyo Liquka ubuhle yokuziphatha nokucoceka umlinganiswa yesizwe. Plot: abafazi ezithathu Bashkir isiselo njengephempe iti izinxibo yesizwe.

Artist iipeyinti komhlaba kunye, ngakumbi, "Le ndlu yokugqibela endala kwilali", eyakhelwe ukuchasana.

Rauf Ahmetovich Murtazin

Thina uzalise uluhlu "abemi ababalaseleyo Bashkortostan" ngaphezulu igama odnm. Ubuqambi komntu (iminyaka yobomi - 1910-1994) yinxalenye ebalulekileyo nenkcubeko Bashkortostan, ingakumbi, umculo. Waqamba iingoma, iingoma kunye symphony, ngaphandle apho kunzima ukucinga Bashkir umculo. Imisebenzi Inkqubo yonke igcwele e Rauf Akhmetovich amandla kunye nethemba.

Le nobuchule umbhali - umsebenzi onzima, abasisigxina kunye ebanzi.

Wazalwa ngo-1910, yaye kwiminyaka 9 kamva abazali wathabatha icesina, Rauf iinkedama, wathabatha phezu kwimfundo mzalwana kayise wakhe. Kule ntsapho, siye wayemthanda ubuchule zomculo, nehlombe inkwenkwe wasikhuthaza. Yena ubhalise kwikholeji umculo ngowe-1926. Emva kokuba ekupheleni konyaka wesithathu, waya akhokele ubhedu band e District Baymaksky. Apha kudala umculo nemidlalo ezifana "Galiyabanu", "Sakmar", "Karagul".

Emva koko, eMoscow, njengomfundi somculo, wabhala inani ezaqanjwa negalelo kunye uyakhala, phakathi kwabo - ". Xa mlanjana" yomculo kunye abandwendweli cello, processing abantu ngoncuthu, iibhaladi livusa "Uthando", "Tosca", Emva kwemfazwe, yena inxaxheba ukuziphendulela capital Russian, nto kakubi. Emva kokugqiba imfundo yakhe emlonyeni kwaqhubeka. Wadala opera "Azat".

Ngowe-1950, Rauf Akhmetovich wabhala zomculo film "eSoviet Bashkiria". Ngowe-1952, wadala isuti "kwi Sabantui".

Bebonke, ukuba imisebenzi ngaphezu kwamakhulu amabini, ukuthandana 170 kunye neengoma ebhaliweyo.

Isikali noqolileyo ziya kufumana i-symphony yokuqala ngulo mbhali, xa B minor. Kuyo, wayecebe ukuba ukuthetha ngeemvakalelo zabo neengcinga ezinxulumene kwimbali ilizwe lokuzalwa kwakhe. Ukongeza, umqambi Murtazin yabhalwa ezinye symphony ezisixhenxe, bemanyene nesihloko. Kubo, ucula na ubuhle bendalo, uthetha imbali yesizwe, unika imizobo yobomi bakhe.

Umculo instrumental kwaye weekwayara, symphony kutyhilwa amandla nobuhle yabantu Bashkir, ngoko kukho umnqweno simazi size simthande.

Ezi abemi abadumileyo weRiphabliki Bashkortostan. Siye zidweliswe kuphela abazobi eziphambili umazi ubuchule babo. Kodwa lo ludwe Malivelise akukho bonke abantu edume Bashkortostan. Ekupheleni kwalo, njengokuba ubona, ukuba esisityebi kunene kwetalente. Amagama abantu abaziwayo Bashkortostan andiva kungekhona kweli lizwe kodwa phesheya.