Yintoni amphetamine?

Amphetamine - into ngokufanelekileyo ezaziwayo-kakuhle, nto leyo isicelo okokuqala ukulungiselela iinjongo zonyango. Ngelishwa, ngokuhamba kwexesha, imixube amphetamine ziye zasetyenziswa iziyobisi. Yintoni amphetamine? Yintoni indlela yesenzo wayo? Zintoni iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezivela ekusetyenzisweni kwale nto? Namhlanje ke imiba kakhulu ngezihloko ezibalulekileyo.

Yintoni amphetamine? A incinane

Kuba okokuqala le nkcazelo iye zifunyenwe 1887 Berlin abaphandi. Noko ke, ukufunda amphetamine esebenzayo yaqala ngandlel kamva - ngo-1927. Yaba ngeli pharmacologist xesha uMnu Eyles ukufaka ngokutsha umchiza kwaye waqalisa ukwenza uphando.

ngobuninzi iiamphetamines yaqala ngo-1933, xa inkampani eyaziwayo-kakuhle American baqalisa ukuvelisa ichiza "Benzedrine". Isifundo sokuqala eyaziwa lwenzululwazi yaqala ngo-1935 eLos Angeles. UGqr M. Nathanson wafunda imiphumo ichiza kubasebenzi esibhedlele. Kwaye 1950, zaye ingena loqhambuko zokuqala ukuziyeka kolutsha. Ukususela ngo-1964 yaqala kwiziyobisi amphetamine okunikelwa kuphela ngokumiselwa. Ngelo xesha le nto yayisetyenziswa oomatiloshe yaseMelika kunye airmen ngokukhawuleza nokuphelisa lidiniwe ukozela, kwandenza ndakwazi ukunikela ingqalelo. Nanamhlanje la machiza maxa wambi kusetyenziswa emkhosini. Ngelishwa, kakubi amphetamine kunye nokusetyenziswa kwayo ichiza hayi unyamalele naphi.

Zintoni amphetamine nendlela echaphazela ngayo umzimba womntu?

Emva ngo-1935, ngethuba lokwenza uphando, kwaqatshelwa ukuba ukuqeshwa kwakhe kwandisa kumsebenzi nokudinwa. Noko ke, amphetamine - le yindlela enamandla kakhulu iziyobisi psychotropic, ekhuthaza inkqubo luvo.

Iipropati amayeza kula machiza isekelwe amazinga catecholamines (iadrenaline, noradrenaline) egazini. Ngenxa yokuba umsebenzi okwandileyo saphawula iziyobisi. Phakathi kwezinye imiphumela, ungaphawula isibindi, urhulumente enkulu emphefumlweni, ukukwazi yoxinaniso kakhulu, ukunciphisa imfuneko komzimba lokuphumla, nokwehla umdla (endleleni, ngenxa yesi sizathu, ngexesha igcuntswana leyeza amphetamine Kongezelelwa iipilisi ukutya).

Ifuthe iingedosi ezincinane beziyobisi ithatha iiyure ezi-4 ukuya ku-8, kwaye xa isetyenziswa phezulu - ukuya kutsho kwiintsuku ezintathu. Ngethuba leli xesha umntu ubona kwakhula amandla, bandisa umsebenzi engqondweni nasemzimbeni, ukuvela ibonwe self-ukuzithemba. Okubangel 'umdla kukuba, kukho inani elincinane labantu (10%) ukufumana la machiza kakhulu ezahlukeneyo, impendulo ngamazwi - bayakhalaza yokozela kunye silale.

Xa isenzo wenkqu ezidakumbisayo iphela umntu ngamnye ukuba osimelela ngokubanzi ukudinwa, ukuba nochuku, kwaye silale. Umsebenzi okuzikisa kamsinya indawo namdla, kwaye maxa wambi nkqu kukudakumba. Inyaniso ukuba amachiza amphetamine kusetyenziswa oovimba spare omzimba ekufuneka alulame esisinyanzelo.

Yintoni amphetamine? Iimpawu kunye neziphumo isicelo yayo

Amphetamine iphawulwa linani lweziphumo komzimba - ukuba abafundi inimba, ukubila, ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza nokuphefumla. ukusetyenziswa rhoqo ezi mveliso, Kakade ke, kuchaphazela umzimba womntu, nokuziphatha kwayo. Ukwehla neemfuno zokulala, umsebenzi okwandileyo kwaye bazive inkanuko yesini. Umntu uba ekhuluma kakhulu, ngokukhawuleza ukuncipha. Isicelo iiamphetamines sikhatshwa, njengoko umthetho, eziviwayo kunye nemibono ezibonwayo.

ukusetyenziswa Long-term ukwimo isiyobisi kubangela iingxaki zempilo, kwakunye iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo. Kuba kubantu abanjalo, kuba lubonakala ngokuba kakhulu ukuziphatha silwe, uchulumanco kakhulu, yokothuka ezingaqiqiyo, nemibono, iingxaki inkumbulo, clinical.

An libanda iiamphetamines kukhokelela kubunzima eziyingozi ezifana nesifo sentliziyo okanye istroke.