UMlawuli we-Federal Bureau of Investigation Edgar Guver: engobomi, ubomi yakho, iifoto

Guver Dzhon Edgar (iminyaka yobomi - 1895-1972) - laseburhulumenteni yaseMelika, ngubani phantse isiqingatha senkulungwane, waba ngumlawuli we-Federal Bureau of Investigation. Koko wabubhekisa ukusuka 1924 ukuya 1972, oko kukuthi, de ukufa kwakhe. Lonke eli xesha, Guver Dzhon Edgar wayengomnye amanani nempembelelo US. Abaninzi, siphawula inkonzo yakhe lizwe, uYohane otyholwa gwenxa igunya. nani yakhe impikiswano, kunye nokuhlala kwindawo uxanduva lilide ngendlela engaqhelekanga. Nantsi ke imbangi yokuba ixesha mkhulu ukusebenza kwisikhundla sokuba ngumlawuli we-FBI (Bureau of Investigation ulinike igama kwakhona ngo-1935) emva kokuba ibeyi kweminyaka eli-10.

Emva kokufunda eli nqaku, ukuba uqhelene ngakumbi nalo mntu umdla njengoko uYohane Edgar Hoover. Photo kunye biography oko kuya kukunceda ufumane ingcinga nto.

Imvelaphi kunye ebuntwaneni Hoover

Little eyaziwayo ngobomi ekuqaleni Dzhona Edgara. Wazalwa kwi Washington ngoJanuwari 1, 1895, uYohane umntwana wesithathu usapho umsebenzi kwi-Ofisi Geodesy kunye cartography Dickerson Naylor Hoover. Unina Enni Mari Hoover Sheytlin. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba uYohane kwezemidlalo eliphezulu esikolweni. Ukongeza, oko azakubalulwa ukukwazi mpikiswano, ingakumbi xa kufikwa ekulweni ukulingana yabafazi.

Ukufunda eyunivesithi

Biographers ziye zaphawula ukuba uqeqesho Hoover kwafuneka kukhangela imisebenzi kwi Library of Congress USA. Edgar Guver Dzhon waba nomdla ukubhala iintlobo ezahlukeneyo kunye Iikhathalogu. Ekugqibeleni le inkanuko kwakhokelela ekubeni yokuba wakwazi ukuba bahlanganise dossier abantu abazizigidi 25 of America. Kakade ke, eli nani ayiphucukanga. Nangona kunjalo, i-FBI kwifayile kwi nezalathiso ikhadi kuthelekiswa amaGestapo kunye NKVD ikhangeleka yayisathe uNothozamile.

Ministry of Service Justice

Ngowe-1917, Hoover waphumelela kwiYunivesithi yase George Washington (ngokuhlwa Faculty of Law). Ngexesha izifundo zakhe apho, waba ezisebenza Kappa Alpha. Emva kwexesha elithile, Hoover waqalisa ukusebenza kwi US Department of Justice. umsebenzi wayo ekuphawuleni phantsi abantu balekela uyilo. Kungekudala Hoover waba yintloko yesebe ophethe ubhaliso labemi kumazwe ezinobutshaba.

Dzhon Guver nabakhi

Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba November 9, 1920 eWashington yaqaliswa kwi Masonic Guver Dzhon Edgar. iinyani ezinika umdla malunga ngaye ezininzi, ayizizo zonke kubo ungalunga ngokwendlela isihloko olulodwa, kodwa kufuneka ngokuqinisekileyo uthethe ngolwalamano kunye neengcibi. John Edgar wafumana isidanga master xa 'ibhokisi Federal "inani 1. Kwiinyanga 2 nje kokuba lwakhe lokuzalwa 26. Xa Hoover wajika 52, wafumana iimbasa ezininzi kunye neembasa. Ngowe-1955 wanyuselwa kwinqanaba-33, emva koko uYohane ngokuba Ephakamileyo uMhloli Jikelele. Ngowe-1965 waba nazo zawongwa Enkulu Cross ezihloniphekileyo - nokunakana liphezulu Scottish kangaka. Namhlanje, i Masonic Temple AASR inezithuba E. Hoover. It izindlu amaxwebhu ezininzi zobuqu.

Ukusebenza Palmer

John ngo-1919 wamiselwa ukuba bakhonze kwi-Ofisi yoMphathiswa Justice ngenxa isithuba intloko General Intelligence Sebe. Emva kokuba intloko ubulungiseleli Alexander Pamler, Hoover waba umncedisi wakhe. Kunye naye ibe lalijongene ukugxothwa ubunzima ukusuka kwilizwe kunye ukubopha radicals. Ezi kuphangwa babebizwa Palmer anzima. Ngexesha elifutshane, Hoover wadala isalathiso ikhadi-150 lamawaka. Abantu, ezimalungu ekrokrisayo. Ngo-1921, oko sele ifikelele 450 lamawaka. Record. Hoover and Palmer khomiwile ezininzi kakhulu kwahlelwa kwimbali American: hayi ngaphantsi kwe-10 amawaka abantu bavalelwa January 1920

Qala inkonzo kwi-Bureau of Investigation

Ngowe-1921, uJohn waqala ukusebenza kwi-Bureau of Investigation, apho wathabatha isithuba liSekela Mlawuli. Uyise wafa kunyaka olandelayo. Ngowe-1924 umlawuli we-Bureau of Investigation Dzhona Edgara Hoover, Kalvin Kulidzh, owayengumongameli ngelo xesha, elimisiweyo.

kuhlela Office

Xa wathabatha ofisi, lo mbutho usebenzisa malunga nama-650 abasebenzi, 440 kubo arhente. Kwiminyaka yokuqala iye yehla kakhulu iindleko kunye nesayizi ye-arhente Guver Dzhon Edgar. Bureau of Investigation uze amele umbutho enamandla yale mihla. Iimfuneko yokuqesha abasebenzi abatsha ziye zaphakanyiswa. Ukongeza, Edgar Guver wadala isikolo kwabasaqalayo. Wayirhola ingqalelo ekhethekileyo ukusetyenziswa kobugcisa, umbutho ka ugcino weminwe iilebhu zonyatheliso kunye nezixhobo phantsi kolawulo lwayo.

Imisebenzi ye-Bureau of Investigation kwi 30

Bureau of Investigation ngowe-1930 ezama kunye nokukhula lolwaphulo-mthetho oluqulunqiweyo ekuhlaleni, kwakunye inkuzi ezininzi, waphawula ngexesha kwi Intshonalanga. bands Small babedla ngokubaphanga iibhanki, ngaloo ndlela usebenzisa iimoto fast kunye nezixhobo oluzenzekelayo. Kubanikela uncedo emapoliseni. Ukuze abalekele intshutshiso, bona bawela imigca karhulumente. Ngowe-1933-34., Emva amagunya abasemagunyeni zaye zandiswa, i-Bureau ikwazile ukufumana, ukubulala okanye ukumbamba inani nemigulukudu ezaziwayo, kuquka Dzhona Dillindzhera. Lo mbutho uqambe FBI ngo-1936. Emva kokuba United States Franklin Roosevelt waba ngumongameli ngo-1936, wathuma uphando Hoover loku- eMelika.

FBI ngexesha Second World War

unina Hoover wabhubha ngo-1938. I-FBI ngo 1942 wabanjwa amaqela amabini saboteurs evela eJamani, leyo similiselwe kunye ngwenya kunxweme eUnited States. Noko ke, akulula ukuba ukujonga indlela yaba writ enkulu kule ofisi, ukususela amabini amabanjwa ngokwabo kwiNgxowa US abasemagunyeni kuxelela abanye.

Amerika ebudeni beMfazwe Yehlabathi II wambumba Ofisi neeNkonzo zeQhinga. Lo mbutho usebenza ngokudibana kwenkonzo ezifihlakeleyo yaseBritani. Edgar Guver kuthathwa kuye ukungamthembi phantse abazange babambisane i OSS. FBI ngexesha Second World War, phaya phezulu ukuya lishumi lamawaka abasebenzi. Phakathi kwabo kwakukho malunga namawaka amahlanu arhente.

Guver Dzhon Edgar: uthando ubomi

John kungenziwa ngokuba ungunyana esingelwe phantsi. Uyise wasweleka xa wayeneminyaka engama-26 ubudala. UYohane wenza isigqibo singaze atshate aze aphile ngayo ubomi unina wakhe. Umama wasweleka kwiminyaka engama-17 kamva, Noko ke, Hoover waza wahlala bachelor. Wayeqinisekile ngokuqinileyo ukuba njengomqobo ephambili career ukuba indoda nomfazi. Kwiminyaka 44 yobomi umhlobo osenyongweni uYohane kuphela Klayd Tolson.

Le ndoda wayexatyiswa zobuqu ezintathu abalungiseleli zokhuselo US, phambi ngo-1928 waqalisa ukusebenza kunye FBI. Emva kokufa uYohane ezabiwa yonke impahla yakhe Tolson. ixabiso layo elinganisela 551 lamawaka eerandi. Ngaphezu koko, uye wafumana iflegi apho ibhokisi Hoover bujikelwe emngcwabeni.

Ukufa Hoover kunye negama lakhe kwimbali

Ngowe-1972, uJ Edgar Hoover wafa, waseMerika. Kuphela emva kokufa kwakhe, eli lizwe wakwazi ukuphefumla gidi. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba Nixon wada wahamba naye kuhambo isiqalekiso lwakhe lokugqibela. Emva koko, ke, abaninzi baye ezihlaziyiweyo izimvo ngemisebenzi yomlawuli FBI. Kakade ke, loo nto ayithethi kakhulu zihambelana Luhlu ingqalelo imodeli yedemokhrasi nenkululeko, kodwa ayinakucinywa ukusukela igama kwimbali yaseMelika. Kungenjalo, ngokuqinisekileyo oko kuya ihonjiswe.

iinyani ezinika umdla malunga Hoover

Tom Clark, US Attorney Jikelele, ngowe-1946, wayalela uYohane ukuba benze uluhlu lwe baseMelika zisenokuba abanganyanisekanga kwabasemagunyeni. Kwaba yimfuneko ukuqinisekisa ukuba ngamaxesha emfazwe okanye xa kuthe kwakho imeko kaxakeka ukumbamba kubo. Edgar Guver neveki emva kokuba waqala iMfazwe yaseKorea, yaqalisa isicwangciso Truman, njengako ekufuneka ubambe ukuya ku-12 abemi lamawaka. US abo anganyaniseki urhulumente. Obekumele ukuba bashiye lophengululo ngayo kwimeko nganye. Truman akazange ukulandela isicwangciso esicetywayo.

Dzhon Guver nayo eyaziwa ngokuba umqalisi intshutshiso ka Alana Frida, a Cleveland womkhosi irediyo, ngubani kuqala wasebenzisa igama elithi "iliwa 'n' roll." Amafutha ngasekupheleni-imi- 50 kwinkulungwane sokugqibela imputable ukuba ukunyoba - zokuthi wathabatha izinyobo ukusuka yethuba ukukhuthaza ezinye iingoma. Hoover wathabatha umculo andenza zinkani, mbuso, nto leyo iba nefuthe elibi abaselula.

avela zenkcubeko

Xa imveliso "Chancellor Manuscript" Robert Ludlum Edgar Hoover olixhoba umzamo lokubulawa, ehlelelwe "Inver Brass", umbutho ngasese. Ukongeza, kodwa kuthiwa weba dossier kunye ulwazi wayesele. Olu lwazi kungenziwanga nosaziwayo yezopolitiko kunye noluntu.

Le film "Iintshaba Public" wazalwa ngo-2009 Billi Krudap wadlala indima umboniso of Hoover.

Enye umfanekiso uxabisa jonga ukuba abo banomdla ubuntu bakhe - ". J. Edgar". Klint Istvud nguye umlawuli le movie kunye noLeonardo DiCaprio wadlala kuyo indima Hoover.

Lumo kaYohane apho kuloo movie "Black ingubo". Oku ngale ngomlinganiswa, Edgar Kluwer (esebenza njenge ngumlawuli kwinkampani Umxokozelo).

Ngoko ke, sanixelela ngenxa ngomntu impikiswano efana Guver Dzhon Edgar. uyakucacisa zakhe biography lawela phezu kwezinye iinkalo imbali-United States of kwinkulungwane yama-20, ngoko nkqu nanamhlanje, kumashumi eminyaka emva kokufa kwakhe, siyaqhubeka evusa umdla evela abantu ehlabathini jikelele.