Jacopo Tintoretto. Imizobo kunye biography of inkosi yesikolo yelo kwinkulungwane XVI

Amazwi "Italian Renaissance" umculo sikhale for lover art abo basandula kuqalisa. isikolo yelo yokudweba - omnye umxholo ilelona li- buchaza kuwo. Inamandla, ngentambo eqaqambileyo le lwengoma - Tintoretto yoyilo. Imifanekiso inkosi i final, elona nqanaba yokuluka Renaissance Venice.

ekuqaleni

ubomi Tintoretto ugcwele iimfihlelo. Nkqu igama lokwenyani lwe wegcisa ixesha elide yaqhubeka iyimfihlelo. Ngowe-1518, e Venice, unyana ka-Dyer ngelaphu Giovanni Robusti (Tintoretto lithetha "Dyer omncinane"), unyana Jacopo. Kutshanje, amaxwebhu Prado ziingcali Madrid kaThixo afunyanwa, apho kubonakala igama lokwenyani yekhaya womzobi - Komin (iziyelelane lendawo kuthiwa spice ikumin). Robusta (robusto - strong) - igama lesiqhulo uyise womzobi, kakuhle hola nawo ekulweni for the Republic of yaseVenice. Kamva elithi Tintoretto waqalisa ukongeza walithiywa Il Furioso - ngumsindo, avele nje iinkosi kwendalo kunye nenkqubo kwendalo yazo.

I web lokuqala Yakopo Komina udonga sentsimbi ipeyinti shop, waza wabona unyana indalo Robusta kwakhokelela ukuba afundele kunye titian olukhulu. Kukho banentsomi yokuba xa waqonda ubungakanani italente Tintoretto, inkosi xa kufanelekile wobukhwele neyenza kude, esoyika okhuphisanayo elizayo. Kambe ke kuyathandabuzeka. Kungenzeka, i Tiziano waqonda ukuba umfana nemvukelo ukuba abe igcisa enkulu, kodwa akanakuba ngumfundi elungileyo.

Akwaziwa ngubani wathabatha uqeqesho Tintoretto. Imizobo, yena wabhala, kulandela Isaci libhalwe eludongeni studio: «Il disegno di UMichelangelo ed il colorito di Tiziano», elithetha "Drawing kaMichelangelo kunye titian ibala". Kodwa isifundo sokuqala enkulu yabonisa ukuba kunye nophuhliso izithethe bezobugcisa Titans Renaissance ekufuneni abo ngokucacileyo ngendlela ebonakalayo.

"Ummangaliso St. Mark" (1548)

ikhoboka christian ngaphandle kwemvume yomnini, wenza oluya izinto ezingcwele St kaMarko, wayinikela naye umzimba nomphefumlo. Kwaye xa umniniyo isigqibo ukohlwaya ikhoboka lokuqala uyimfama, ngoko quartered, wehla evela ezulwini St. uMarko weza kwaye unika umzimba umfana invulnerability magic. Amakrele kunye namazembe ukuba ndaphule i isikrweqe ongabonakaliyo, yaye oku kubangela ngoloyiko nangokungcangcazela kwi sisihlwele esikhulu.

Multi-figure ukwakhiwa oonobumba plastically eziphuhliswe ngqo eqonda ngentshukumo ibonwe ixesha kunye nendawo. Tintoretto ukumema ukuba ngelaphu elikhulu isihlwele yayo yelo xesha, apho ubona iindwendwe ezivela kumazwe ahlukeneyo, abameli kwiiklasi ezahlukeneyo kwezentlalo. Line kulo, umbala enamandla, intshukumo simahla brush kwi zogxininiso eqaqambileyo nezibaya impahla - konke oku utshabalalisa Renaissance nzolo evumelanayo, simenza izithembiso ezintsha banomkhwa elizayo ezimbejembeje.

Il Furioso Tintoretto

Okwakufudula inkosi enkulu. Noko ke, Imizobo emininzi isiqingatha iwaka leminyaka elahlekileyo nobutyobo. Amkhanuke umsebenzi waba lugcwabevu ngumsindo kangangokuba wanikela ingqalelo kancinane imali yembuyekezo, nje ukufumana imiyalelo ezintsha. Abaninzi ababephila ngexesha lakhe kunye izizukulwana ezilandelayo abagxeki umsantsa owadalwa Tintoretto. Mizobo ubungakanani elikhulu isigcawu yebhayibhile ziqulethe ezafa kubonakala buphuthuphuthu. Kodwa ke amandla uvakalelo kunye throbbing kuzo zonke iinkcukacha, kunye noyilo jikelele, xa kokufa kwakhe, wabona yi bonke.

Waye ke oyinyaniso Renaissance umntu. iindonga beqabe nakwiisilingi nophahla amabandla kunye izakhiwo zikarhulumente eVenice kunye nakwiindawo ezikufutshane. izandla zakhe, endingowakhe, Imizobo elikhulu imixholo zonqulo, yaye imizobo negumbi izifundo nangqondo. Ukulungiselela odolo ezintsha, ke wabaza imifuziselo wax, bayilungisa waza wafuna ukuba engile ilelona li- buchaza. Yena kwakusasa saqala ukukhanya, sisebenza ubusuku elide nekhandlela.

"IParadesi" (1588)

Wadala ukuhombisa iholo iphambili ye-Palace of the Doges umfanekiso Tintoretto "IParadesi" umntu ubukhulu oziimitha ezi-7 eliphezulu-22 eemitha ububanzi. Kucingwa inkulu ioli artwork umzobo lwehlabathi kwi ngelaphu. "IParadesi" ngobambana ingqalelo yezinto umbhali, kunye ukuyazi bezoba inkululeko izisombululo umbala.

Ezinye ngabo babesebenza kancinane kwaye bafumane immateriality ngokwasemzimbeni, ukuba ulahlekile isihlwele esikhulu kweentlobo. Oku ingqalelo azamkeleki ngokupheleleyo ukususela kweenkosi i-High Renaissance. Kodwa icandelo amandla amakhulu, intshukumo olephuzayo imibala kunye nemigca ebesiphe neqonga entsha kuphuhliso yokudweba.

A look entsha kwi sebali zakudala

Enye yobuciko iinkosi ezidlulileyo - Tintoretto ukupeyinta "isidlo sangokuhlwa sokugqibela" - ebhalwe 1592. Le yokugqibela gcisa isibheno ibali edumileyo, kwaye ingaphantsi yaye ngaphantsi ufana indalo ezaziwa le Renaissance. Dynamic umbono itafile, apho yayihleli uKristu kunye nabapostile, imela umda kamoya kunye yangempela. Ongaphambili izaliswe ngeenkcukacha emhlabeni ngokupheleleyo kunye nabalinganiswa, yaye ihlabathi wasezulwini baboniswa ezingabonwayo de arhente. ukukhanya eyimfihlakalo ekhutshwa yi yiNkosi kunye nabafundi bakhe, akuhluthe kumfanekiso isithuba nabahlali nezikrelemnqa. Omabini la mazwe uyahambelana, ukudala iimvakalelo emangalisayo.

Womzobo ngu Tintoretto "isidlo sangokuhlwa sokugqibela" abanye abaphandi libhekisela kwinto yokugqibela, ebonisa elona nqanaba liphezulu ubuciko, kwangaxeshanye bephethe iimpawu ezinkulu banomkhwa emsebenzini wakhe.

self-portraits ezimbini

Phakathi edume self-portraits mibini lonke ubomi inkosi. Womzobo ngo-1547, sibona nobubele, yaza yabonisa phantse yaxobuka umntu oselula uyazi italente yakhe. Akazange athethe, kuba Unomsebenzi elide eyoyikekayo.

Kwi self-elichaza 1588 - umzobi Tintoretto, ogama imizobo wavatha abaninzi kumabhotwe Venice kaThixo. Amehlo akhe namanje ndawo mgama. Yena kakhulu udiniwe, eyamehlelayo uzuko kunye nelahleko. Yena amagqabi, yangamagqabi isiqhamo umzamo omkhulu kunye nenkuthazo eliphezulu - ubulumko kunye nobuhle ngemizobo yakhe.