Iwulu kwekhaphethi - umsebenzi wobugcisa ka East yamandulo

Uninzi izithethe Asia yabantu ezinxulumene kwimbali ukuvela iikhaphethi. izizwe abavela eMpuma Sizibandakanye kwezolimo kunye nezilwanyana ukulima umhlaba. inyama kunye uboya imveliso ibe ngumqolo imisebenzi yabo. Izazinzulu zithi ukuba yayivela Central Asia ubugcisa nakwikhaphethi. Iikhaphethi ngokuba abasemathanga aba ebhedini kwaye emnyango wendlu kunye pops up. Kwaye ngoku, Central Asia, abantu abahlala entlango kude ukusuka kwiziko, Qinisekisa ukuba encinane uboya ikhaphethi, leyo zingasasazwa ngaphandle emseleni, Dock uthandaze ngayo.

Kutsha nje, 35 kwiminyaka eyadlulayo, iikhaphethi ixabiso wayelingana indleko kumatshini, kodwa baba mfutshane yonikezelo. Thenga imethi uboya yaqulunqwa nzima yonke oye waqhubeka iminyaka. Kodwa ke, ubuncinane ikhaphethi umtshakazi encinane kwafuneka ukuba ayizise endlwini. On waya, intsapho yakhe, ukugaqa nabantwana esebenzayo. Kudala bekhonza: Logama nje usapho oselula olungarholi ikhaphethi uboya entsha.

kwimbali

Ekhaphethini yokuqala, bahlile beza kuthi, evela elidlulileyo, ngaphezu kweminyaka 2500. Amfumana uhambo yiSoviet kwi besekhaya. Kangangamawaka eminyaka kwikhaphethi uboya igcinwa bakumangcwaba frozen ka Pazyryk iindonga. Uphononongo lubonise ukuba kwenziwe ukususela iigusha uboya obuchetyiweyo koomatshini. Oku kwabonisa ukuba ubuchule nakwikhaphethi ukususela kumaxesha amandulo, phantse ingatshintshanga.

Iimfihlelo bayirhawula imbali iikhaphethi. Baye angabalisa kakhulu ngokuzoba. abefundisi Islamic wamalela ukuba itsalele abantu kunye nezilwanyana. Mhlawumbi yiloo nto le wizard baluwela umzobo, ubume kunye nombala uluhlu oko bakucingayo kunye iphupha. Abaninzi baye baliva ngantsomi, apho ukwaluka iikhaphethi inkosana kuthinjwa, wathetha ngokuzoba, apho kwakukho nokuba ngubani na abethatyathwe ibanjwa kuyo. Prodan iikhaphethi wawa abantu Prince baza wamsindisa. Emva koko kwakucingwa ukuba enikusweleyo abalawuli kunye nabantwana babo ukuze ukwazi bangabazukileyo yobugcisa - nakwikhaphethi. Ngamanye amaxesha le buchule wasindisa ubomi babo.

Phambi kokuba sifike ibali i kwikhaphethi engaqhelekanga, nto leyo kwi VI. I ithiwe thaca kwi-Persian ukumkani Chosroes I. Yayibizwa ngokuba "Spring ekhaphethini". ubude balo 122 m, yaye ububanzi -. 30 m ngomsonto igolide namakhonkco, ekhaphethini imali eninzi kwaye inzima. Waba uphawu Ukomelela, amandla, ntle karhulumente kunye nokumkani. Lesikhumbuzo kuphela ngamaxesha athile. Ngelishwa, lo msebenzi wobugcisa le nto isetyenziswayo: in VII. ngayo inyama ngeenyama esithathwe imikhosi Arab nabanqobi. Sahlala ibali kuphela.

Ukususela oko aluka iikhaphethi

Modern zoboya kwekhaphethi eyenziwe emfutshane engatyiwa, inkamela, uboya bebhokhwe (kucingelwa ukuba ngeyona tonkorunnoj New Zealand uboya). Nangoboya obudaywe kunye iidayi zendalo, ngoko emva kokuhlamba umbala kuhlala ingatshintshanga. Ngenxa yokudweba usebenzisa iingcambu, amagqabi, iintyatyambo zezityalo ezahlukeneyo.

Ngenxa mninzi zayo iikhaphethi uboya musa ukufunxa ukufuma, kuthintelwe ungcoliseko. Kunzima ngokwaneleyo ukuphumeza, zize ngokunjalo izinto ezifihlakeleyo nakwikhaphethi zidluliselwa kwizizukulwana ngezizukulwana. Kulo msebenzi , yaye namhlanje iyaqhubeka azivelele nokwandisa. Kukho nakoosiyazi ezintsha ukuba zizakhele "chips" ezintsha. Amazwe afana iPersi, India, Iran, China yaziwa ngokuba ishishini eziveziweyo zazo nakwikhaphethi. Products ngcungela zezi amazwe athandwa kakhulu, bona zibubunjani elungileyo elide bakhonza ngokugqibeleleyo apha ngaphakathi endlwini, ukudala imfudumalo kunye nentuthuzelo.