Iprogram yoqeqesho abantwana. Inkqubo Education Early Childhood

Ixesha lokuba bafumane uqeqesho kunye nemfundo kokuya esikolweni abantwana - sisiseko apho ubuntu umntwana uqalisa ukwakha, isiseko ulwakhiwo impumelelo yayo elizayo. Iprogram yoqeqesho abantwana uthole kufuneka sigubungele iinkalo ezintathu: kuphuhliso lwemfundo engqondweni, ngokuziphatha nasemzimbeni.

Uphuhliso sengqondo epriskuli

Kumiselwa degree:

• ilifa ipeni brush;
• ukukwazi ukufunda nokubhala;
• ukukwazi ukwenza ngokubalisa elifutshane nokukhumbula mibongo encinane;
• ulwazi amanani (phambili kwaye umva), ukukwazi ukwenza imisebenzi elula yokalo emileyo;
• ulwazi yamanani ezisisiseko zejiyometri;
• ukukwazi ukuba bakuxelele ixesha;
• ilifa iingcamango yokuqala malunga ihlabathi.

imfundo yokuziphatha

Ngendlela umntwana uyakwazi ukuziphatha kwiqela noontanga kunye nabantu abadala, indlela ukulungele ukufunda, oko kuxhomekeke kakhulu ebomini yakhe yesikolo elizayo. Ngoko ke, inkqubo yemfundo yamaziko angaphambi kokuya yakhiwe ngendlela efana ukwenzela ukuba ukuyilibala kule nkalo.

ukuqeqesha umzimba

Xa amazwi uGqirha Komarovsky, "umntwana Happy - ikakhulu umntwana ophilileyo. Kwaye ngoko kuphela - okwaziyo ukufunda kwaye ukudlala ivayolin ngayo ". Ngako oko, iinkqubo zemfundo zabantwana ezi elingaziwayo ngaphandle iziqalelo inkcubeko emzimbeni.

Imfundo yabantwana iminyaka 2-3

Le yobudala ebalasele nolwazi olunzulu kunye nehlabathi umntwana, imibala kunye iimilo zezinto, ubungakanani kunye nemvakalo. Itakane uyakwazi ukuvakalisa ngokucacileyo iimvakalelo, usabele ngayo impumelelo yabo kunye nokungaphumeleli, ukunxibelelana nabanye abantwana kunye nabantu abadala. Ngeli xesha yobudala akuyomfuneko ukuba kuncekelelwe ekufundiseni oonobumba usana kunye namanani, njengoko konke oku kuye ezingu Akukwazi, ezo musa esingenakubangela naliphi na inzala. Kwakhona, ukusebenza angaphandle yokufunda ulwimi liya kuba ngaphezulu kakhulu kwiminyaka kamva.

Iprogram yoqeqesho abantwana mayibhekiswe kulwazi ihlabathi ngaphandle nge-mvo: emehlweni, ukuva, ivumba kunye kwebala. Izazinzulu ziye zabonisa ukuba impumelelo kuphuhliso lwezakhono zokufunda uxhomekeke ngqo kwi ukukwazi ukuqonda ihlabathi. Inkqubo yemfundo yamaziko angaphambi kokuya yabantwana-2 kunye kweminyaka emi-3, esekelwe kuphuhliso lwezakhono motor entle. Isibakala sokuba iminwe umntwana kukho inani elikhulu ezenza ukuthumela amaza kwimimandla kwengqondo zombini uxanduva ukudidiyelwa iintshukumo neminwe kunye nophuhliso zentetho. Ukuze ezi njongo i imithambo umnwe ogqibeleleyo, yoshixizo izinto ezincinane (ekhuselekileyo, kunjalo), ukudlala iityhubhu iibhola ezinobukhulu obahlukileyo, iklasi kunye isiziba somchako of noburhabaxa ezahlukeneyo, umdlalo kwi "Kulungile", "kweenkuku amane", oluxonxiweyo ngodongwe njalo on.

Kufuneka sinikele ingqalelo ngenxa umthambo, ilandelwe yi nursery rhymes nezicengcelezo. Ngokubanzi, umsebenzi nayiphi inkunzi xa abakule minyaka yobudala kufuneka uthathe indawo ngokohlobo umdlalo - oku yeyona ndlela inokusetyenziswa ngokukuko ulwazi yalo ihlabathi nokufunda kweli nqanaba lophuhliso.

Imfundo yabantwana iminyaka 4-5

Le yobudala ngokupheleleyo ukuze uqale kakuhle ekufundiseni oonobumba usana kunye namanani. Ngoku usana bakwazi ukuhlalutya iimpawu zezinto, ngokukodwa ebachaphazelayo, oko ngakumbi cwaka, ukuyifunda ehlelelwe ngcono. Ukuba umntwana ukuba imizuzu eli-10-15 ingadlala ngehlombe imidlalo kwezemfundo - ukuya phambili! Age iminyaka 4-5 kwaye efanelekileyo ukwenzela ukunika abantwana babo isangqa ethile, okanye icandelo kwezemidlalo. Ngeli xesha uphuhliso emzimbeni izixhobo weentshukumo yomntwana liyayivumela ukuba bafunde iziseko lokudada, umdaniso, ikarati njalo njalo.

Ukuba uphawula olungaka umntwana ukuba Ezolimi, izifundo ngolwimi lwasemzini okanye ukutyelela iqela theatre iya kuba isisombululo elikhulu kuphuhliso ezi zakhono. kids Creative ugqibelele ukuba modeling, ubugcisa obubonwayo, kwezwi. Noko ke, ukuba umntwana lowo akanako ukunikela ingqalelo, uyalwa ukwenza imisebenzi yophuhliso, ngumonde usabela nogonyamelo iintsilelo zabo, ufanele ulinde ukufunda encinane kunye iiklabhu abahambela.

Funda ingqalelo umntwana wakho uya kunceda imveliso ehlangeneyo yezandla. Wena uqale iinkcukacha elula ukuba umphumo waba ngakumbi, ngokuthe ngcembe nzima lo msebenzi. Ngexesha umsebenzi kubalulekile ukubonisa umntwana wakho ukuba ukungaphumeleli unako alungiswe. Kule nkqubo uyakwazi ngokulula ilingane ukufunda oonobumba, amanani, kunye nezilwanyana. Nge nje kancane, ungenza ukubulala nangoko iintaka eziliqela kunye ngelitye elinye. Kuba uphuhliso lwezakhono motor entle ezifanelekileyo ukusebenzisa umthambo ezifana edlula isiphatho ngokusebenzisa imeyizi, stroke kunye nokufaka umbala imifanekiso, ukwaluka, ukukrola kunye nangaphezulu.

Imfundo yabantwana abaneminyaka 6-7

Modern physiologists, iisayikholojisti, pedagogues kunye iingcali zononophelo lwempilo yokuthetha bayavuma ukuba eli xesha lifanelekileyo ukuze uphuhliso ingqalelo, imbono, inkumbulo, kunye yokucinga umntwana. Physiologically, itakane ilungele ekuphuhliseni uqeqesho, yaye uye afune ukufunda. Yiyo loo nto umntwana ezintandathu maxa wambi nako ukuzisa abazali babo kwesiphazamiso abaninzi yayo "kutheni". Ungavele inzalo yayo ukwazi okanye kuphela iimpendulo ezibalulekileyo - oko kufana ukubandezana umthi ukufuma odlisa ubomi. Ngoko ke, yiba nomonde uze ufumane ulwazi olupheleleyo ukwanelisa umdla kid. Kule minyaka, lixesha ukufundisa i-akhawunti yomntwana, ukubhala, kunye nesakhono ukuze bakuxelele ixesha iwashi, ukucacisa kuye iziseko geography ngeenkwenkwezi. Iprogram yoqeqesho abantwana kweminyaka 6 sele ubonelela inguqulelo ukuba indlela sengqesho.

izenzo eyiyo abazali

Ngenxa yoko, inkqubo yemfundo pre-school wonke umntwana kufuneka ibandakanye imidlalo, usebenzisa ukuphuhlisa ukuqonda ngokoluvo (uphuhliso izitho), intetho, umsebenzi engqondweni, izakhono ezibonakalayo, ukwazi foster, kwakunye ukusekwa siqondwe ngokufanayo olusisiseko malunga ihlabathi. yokuxazulula ngempumelelo ingxaki ukunceda zonke iintlobo zemfundo pre-school. Abancinane eziguqulweyo, amaqela pre-school kunye nezikolo ezizodwa ayisetyenziswa kuphela iinkqubo ezisebenzayo kunye neendlela ezizodwa ukulungiselela abantwana besikolo, kodwa kufuneka isixhobo kwizifundo zabo ezongezelelekileyo ezifana ukufundiswa iinkqubo zolwimi IsiNgesi.

Alithandabuzeki elokuba, imfundo yomntwana kweli qela kukho intlaninge yeenzuzo phezu isifundo: apha ukuzisa izakhono intsebenziswano eyiyo kunye noontanga, yavelisa ingqeqesho, umba uxanduva, xa ukwazi ukulungisa iimeko ezinzima. tutorials Interactive, kwakunye nomsebenzi bengqondo, kwamathandabuzo, kuya kunceda umntwana kwixesha elizayo, kulula ukuba avumelane neemeko isikolo esitsha yaye ngokukhawuleza bafudukele kwisikhundla sokuba "Mna -. yesikolo"

Kakade ke, bonke abantwana yahlukile, kwaye sifezekise iziphumo ezinqwenelekayo ngaphandle uncedo kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Xa sele ugqibile ukuba kube kubi na umntwana ngaphezu inkqubo yemfundo yabantwana kwimfundo pre-school sakho self-isifundo, gcina nje engqondweni iimpawu ubudala umntwana engqondweni banamathele nemithetho ethile.

Iingcebiso kubazali

• Uqeqesho lwenziwa ngokohlobo mdlalo, kwaye sebenzisa naliphi na ithuba lokwenza: ukufunda umntwana, ukunxibelelana, ceba imidlalo kunye, balumkeleni ukuhamba iinjongo umbala omnye, mbonise kwizimanga umdla zendalo, ukuxhasa umdla umntwana, sifundise ukuba zisebenze ngexesha.
• Qiniseka ukuba banike abantwana babo ukuncokola noontanga. Kufuneka ngendlela imidlalo lwentsebenziswano kwi kwibala lokudlala, epakini, ngokokugosisa abantwana liphikisa, imidyarho irileyi. Konke oku kuya kuba ngamava yabo yokuqala yokuziphatha komntwana ngaphakathi kwiqela.
• Yiya kwi umntwana ekufundeni ukufunda ixabisa kuphela xa ukuthetha kwakhe aphuhliswe ngokwaneleyo. Qala kwakhona kunye nezi fom umdlalo, ngokuthe ngcembe kokugqithela lunzima kakhulu. Khumbula ukuba kule meko kubalulekile kakhulu ixesha njengoko rhoqo kunye Ulandelelwano lwezifundo. ukufunda iincwadi kufuneka ubeneminyaka ethile kunye neempawu ngamnye umntwana - funda oko unomdla ukwazi. Ukuba intetho somntwana iqulethe eninzi iimpazamo Isakhiwo syllabic amazwi okanye imvume babo, iye iziphene ezicacileyo ezinekhono, unobumba umsebenzi wakho ukuba ndibhenele owayendifundisa ukuthetha.
• Xa kungekho tyala akanakuba kabukhali idlulisele umntwana imo esikolweni: ukuphucwa kwiiyure cwaka, ukuze amalungiselelo eziphathwayo wasekhaya, iminxeba kunye notshintsho. Bonke Ukubonelela ngeenkqubo zoqeqesho kwabafundi kwimfundo yabantwana zabasakhasayo nje kuphela ezingeyomfuneko, kodwa kungabangela into embi - ukuba ngenkani inxaxheba nasebudaleni, umntwana kuphulukana umnqweno nomdla kwimpilo yesikolo.