Imfundo eBelarus: iikholeji, iiyunivesithi. Kuphi ukuhamba emva kweeklasi eziyi-9 ne-11

Imfundo eBelarus ijoliswe kuqeqesho olukhethekileyo lwabaqeqeshi abanolwazi lwabo oluya kubandakanywa kweli nqanaba lophuhliso loluntu. Ziziphi iimpawu zenkqubo yemfundo kweli lizwe? Ziziphi iifunivesithi ezibhekwa njengezona zinto zithembisayo? Siza kuphendula le mibuzo.

Inqanaba lokuphuhlisa imfundo eBelarus

Umntu omdala ulinganiselwa kuma-100% okufunda nokubhala, kwaye imfundo yesibini kunye nemfundo yenzelwe ifunyenwe ngaphezu kwe-90%. Ngokwezibalo, ezibandakanya izinga lokumkelwa esikolweni nakwiiyunivesithi, inani labafundi kunye nabafundi baseBelarus bafikelela kwizikhombisi zelizwe laseYurophu eziphuhlisiweyo. Wonke ummi welizwe unethuba lokufunda. Ubukho bemfundo ephakamileyo eBelarus buhlonishwa, kodwa ngexesha elifanayo lufikeleleka.

Umgaqo karhulumente

Ukuphuhliswa kwesikolo kunye nemfundo ephakamileyo eBelarus iphantsi kolawulo lwarhulumente, umgaqo-nkqubo ojoliswe ngokusemthethweni kule miqathango elandelayo:

• Imfundo eBelarus ayilawulwa kuphela nguRhulumente, kodwa kunye noluntu.
• Ukufikelela okulinganayo kunye nokufumana ukufumana uqeqesho kuhlawulwa.
• Umgangatho wemfundo kufuneka ukwandise.

Imfundo ePhakamileyo yaseBelarus

Naliphi na iyunivesithi kweli lizwe (ummandla karhulumente kunye nobucala) kufuneka uthobele ulawulo lobulungiseleli. Okwangoku, imfundo eBelarus inikezwa ngamaziko angama-8 amaqela eentlobo ezahlukeneyo kunye namanqanaba. Abasebenzi abangaphezu kwama-400,000 basebenze kwinkqubo yoqeqesho. Ngelo xesha, imfundo (zombini isibini kunye nephezulu) ifumana abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezi-3.

Umbuzo onjengokuthi "indawo yokungena eBelarus" akufanele ibe nzima, kuba iiyunivesithi ezisibhozo ngo-2015 zangena kwii-4 zezona zinto zingcono kwihlabathi. Ngelo xesha, ilizwe lijoyine inkqubo ye-Bologna.

Amaziko aphakamileyo emfundo aseBelarus, nangona ephakamileyo, afumaneka kuluntu. Iiyunivesithi zithatyathwa kwiziphumo zokhuphiswano, ezenziwa ngolu vavanyo likarhulumente. Iziko eziphakamileyo zemfundo zithatha imihla, ngokuhlwa kunye neefom. Bonke abaphumelele kwiiyunivesithi zeBelarusian banethuba lokufumana idiploma yombuso.

Imfundo ephakamileyo yelizwe iya kusebenzisa ukusetyenziswa kwehlabathi kule ntsimi, iimeko zanamhlanje kunye nezivumelwano zamazwe ngamazwe. Wonke amaziko ahlukaniswe ngeentlobo ezifana neyunivesithi kunye neprofayili yeprofayili, i-academy, isiko, njl. Imfundo eBelarus iphinda iphuhlise ngokusebenzisa intsebenziswano ngamazwe ngamazwe.

YaseYelarusian State University

Okwangoku, iYunivithi yaseBelarusian State (okanye i-BSU igqityiweyo) iquka ii-faculty ezingamashumi amabini, iinkampani ezinhlanu zokugqibela, izikhungo ezine zophando, amaziko ophando alinesithathu, ii-laboratories ezingaphezu kwama-40, amasebe angama-180 kumacandelo amyuziyam.

Abafundi bangafumana imfundo kwimigaqo engaphezu kwama-60. I-Belarusian State University iyindawo ephakamileyo yezemfundo kunye nezithethe zayo, ezibonelela ngoqeqesho oluphezulu kunye nokuqhubeka kwengqesho. Namuhla i-BSU ithathwa njengeyona yunivesithi ehamba phambili kwiphablikhi.

Iminyaka emininzi eyunivesithi, abafundi baye baqeqeshwa phantsi kweprogram elawulwa nguRhulumente ejolise ekuqeqesheni ochwepheshe kwi-nyukliya. Unokuba ngumfundi ophumelele kwimimandla engaphezu kwe-100. I-Belarusian State University isebenzisana namanye amaziko aphakamileyo emfundo kweli lizwe kwinkalo yenkxaso-ndlela kwimiba eyahlukeneyo kunye noqeqesho.

Izibalo ze-BSU

Kwi-Belarusian State University namhlanje, abafundi abangaphezu kwama-30 000 bafundiswa, malunga ne-20,000 abakwimfundo yexesha elizeleyo, kunye ne-10-kwiikholeji zokubhala, malunga ne-800 abantu abafunda kwisikolo esiphumelele. Ngonyaka ka-2012, isifundo sezogqirha sasigxininiswa - abantu abangama-20. Unyaka ngamnye ngaphezu kwamawaka ama-3 kudlula isigaba sokuhlaziya, kunye namawaka angama-6-ukuphucula iziqinisekiso kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo ze-BSU. Abasebenzi baseyunivesithi baquka ootitshala aba-2 500, abangaphezu kwama-200 oogqirha besayensi, kunye naba-1 abaviwa. Inani labaphandi be-BSU lilinganiselwa kubantu abangama-600.

Iyunivesithi isebenzisa iingcali ezivela kwamanye amaziko aphakamileyo emfundo aseBelarusian, ngokukodwa malunga ne-100 kubo boogqirha besayensi. Kwi-BSU namhlanje ifundisa abafundi abayi-15.

Baranovichi State University

Iyunivesithi ayivulekanga kwinqununu, kodwa enye yeziko eliphezulu zemfundo ephakamileyo kwiRiphabhuliki yaseBelarus. Oku kubangelwe kukuba i-state imisele injongo yokuzisa imo-yunivesithi kufuphi noluntu kwimimandla. Ukongezelela, kuyafuneka kwakhona ukwenza isikolo esiphakamileyo sibe sisigxina kwiimfuno zabantu baseBelarusian, ngakumbi abo bahlala kwidolophana.

I-Baranovichi State University inezikhundla ezinhlanu, okuyi- Faculty of Engineering , i-Faculty of Psychology and Pedagogy, i-Economics noMthetho, i-Slavic kunye neelwimi zaseJamani, kunye ne-Faculty yoQeqesho lweYunivesithi.

Emuva ngo-2009, okokuqala ngethuba leziko lemfundo eliphakamileyo labafundi baphumelele, kwaye kwakukho ngaphezu kwama-2,000.

Kuza kube yimanje, iyunivesiti ifumana imfundo malunga nabantu abayi-10 000.

I-Military Academy yaseBelarus

Le yunivesithi inendawo ekhethekileyo kwinkqubo yemfundo ephakamileyo yelizwe. Le yintlangano ebalulekileyo ejongene nokuqeqeshwa kobugcisa beengcali zempi kweli lizwe, phantsi kolawulo kunye nokuphathwa kwelizwe. Isiko semfundo ephakamileyo yenye yezona zikhulu kwiRiphabhulikhi yaseBelarus, ngelixa ilayisenisi ekhethekileyo enika ilungelo lokuqhuba imisebenzi yemfundo. Yingakho kufanele ibizwe phakathi kwiiyunivesithi eziphakamileyo zelizwe.

I-Academy yezempi yaseRiphabhliki yaseBelarus iquka amaqela angama-7. Abafundi bafunda kwi-Faculty ye-All-Arms, i-Faculty of Communication kunye ne-Automated Control Systems, i-Faculty ye-Aviation, yangaphakathi, i-Forces Missile, i-Air Defense kunye ne-Intelligence Intelligence. Uqeqesho loqeqesho luhamba ngokupheleleyo kwiingcali ezingama-30.

Inkqubo yoqeqesho kwiziko lempi

Iidolophu ziba ngamagosa emva kweminyaka emine okanye emihlanu yoqeqesho, esoloko ixhomekeka kulo msebenzi othile. Imfundo yemfundo ephakamileyo yokuqala ifunyenwe ukwenzela ukuba ithathe indawo yezithuba eziphambili kwaye ufumane isikhundla se-lieutenant. Enye yezona ndawo zibaluleke kakhulu ekuqeqesheni abasebenzi bezempi zengqesho zengqesho ziza kuthathwa njengento yokuzilolonga kunye nokuqeqeshwa kweengalo ezihlangeneyo. Abafundi kwiminyaka ephakamileyo (ama-cadets ukusuka kwi-3 kuya ku-5 nyaka wokufunda) bangaphila kwihostele. Ngexesha elifanayo, kabini ngonyaka (ehlobo nasebusika) bayavunyelwa ukuba baye eholidini kwixesha leveki ezimbini (ebusika) kunye neenyanga zonke (ehlobo).

I-Academy yezempi yeRiphabhliki yaseBelarus ihlala kwizakhiwo ezahlukeneyo. Kuzo eziye zenzelwe ngqo uqeqesho, kukho iiklasi kunye namagumbi okufundisela iintetho, kukho ukufumaneka kwamathala ekhethekileyo kunye neeofisi apho kukho izixhobo zekhompyutha kunye nezixhobo ezizenzekelayo. Kule ziko lemfundo ephakamileyo kukho imimimati yezemidlalo ejongene nemigangatho yanamhlanje.