Forms neendidi iinkonkxa

Kangangexesha elide ehlabathini lonke ukusebenzisa indlela elula ukuya impahla. Okwangoku, kukho inani elikhulu izikhongozeli ezahlukeneyo kwezothutho, kwathabathela komncinane kwesa enkulu. iintlobo isikhongozeli, oko kukuthi ngenxa yokuba kuthiwa, yahlukile, ukuba ezisetyenziselwa ukuthutha impahla ukuya imigama akufuphi nakude. Ukhetho kuxhomekeke yintoni besihla nazo inkampani zothutho, apho kwaye ngayiphi indlela. Iintlobo izikhongozeli yokuhamba zibe nefuthe elingqale kule ixabiso ehlawulwa ngumthengi. Imisebenzi yezothutho enzima kakhulu, kokukhona imali alihlawule.

Igama elithi "isitsha"

Phambi kokuba kucingwe iintlobo bezikhongozeli kufuneka siqonde ukuba yintoni kanye le "isingxobo". Olu hlobo umthamo ngekhemikali zokuthuthwa impahla ukuya naphi na ehlabathini ngayo nayiphi na indlela elula:

• imoto;
• moya;
• uloliwe;
• isitsha kwezakha zakho.

Izikhongozeli zingenziwa ngezinto ezahlukeneyo kwaye abe nobukhulu obahlukeneyo kunye neemilo. Esiza kuxubusha ngayo ngokweenkcukacha, ziziphi iintlobo.

Xa wabonakala?

Ukusetyenziswa izikhongozelo ezinjalo yaqala ebudeni beMfazwe Yehlabathi II, xa loo uhlobo zokuhamba United States isicelo. Ekuqaleni, nokupakishwa eyayenziwe ngomthi, kodwa ngokuthe ngcembe indawo nempahla yentsimbi, yaye ke 50 lo yokuthumela yokuqala enkulu sele yenziwe ukutshintshwa uhlobo zokuhamba. Ukubanako ukutshintsha uhlobo yokuthuthwa kwinkqubo yaba luncedo kakhulu, ekubeni yayiyimini kuyenzeka ukuba ukuthutha iimpahla imigama emide, ngaphandle kokuphazamisa imixholo ukuya khona. Olu hlobo ebizwa kwisikhongozeli ezohlukeneyo. Kwaye emva koko, kwi 60s, kwakukho imigangatho efanayo ezichaza ukuba yintoni zonke wesikhongozeli imigangatho zeengcali.

Iintlobo, iintlobo izikhongozelo

Ngokudibanisa zonke izimvo kwiinkampani zothutho kunye neengcali, akwazi ukuchonga iintlobo ezithile zokufaka kwezothutho. Cinga iintlobo bezikhongozeli thaca kwimarike mihla. Ukwahlula iintlobo umgqomo kwi parameters ezifana:

• ubukhulu;
• izinto;
• amandla;
• umbono wenqwelwana;
• uhlobo zokubopha;
• uhlobo yempahla.

Kunye nemilinganiselo ecacileyo, kunye eziphathekayo kakhulu amandla, yonke ilula. Esebenzisa iindlela zothutho, yiyiphi indlela lophethe uya ukuthutha iimpahla: .. ngu moya, uloliwe, ulwandle njalo kwisifakelelo - indlela into efunekayo ukuze iphakamise kwaye yisa kwisithuthi. Uhlobo lwempahla ukuba kukho ifriji isikhongozeli, okanye nokuba neendonga zaso banikwa emollients yokuhamba impahla ezibuthathaka, njalo-njalo.

ngezigaba

Ngoko ke, kukho iintlobo ezininzi kunye nobukhulu izikhongozelo. Siza kukuxelela malunga iinketho ezininzi ethandwa kwaye zisetyenziswe qho.

• "Umthwalo Jikelele". evaliweyo-uhlobo isingxobo, kukho iingcango, neendonga babe ngqongqo eziphakamileyo, umgangatho nophahla omelele ngokwaneleyo; EGeorgia ayinayo ukufikelela kwi-bume.
• "Ezi nkcukacha kungekwamthwalo." Kwakhona, umthamo nkqi, kodwa ukongezelela yokuqala, apho impahla inga siwa ngaphandle kokusebenzisa iingcango; enkosi iimpawu zayo olu hlobo isikhongozeli isoloko isetyenziswa umoya shaft.
• "Klouzd ventileytid". Packaging ngokukrolwa ezizodwa umoya free; esetyenziselwa nempahla impahla, leyo akayithandi ukufuma.
• "Phezulu Oupen." Olu hlobo liyafana imoto eqhelekileyo ngaphandle kophahla; oko ingafakwa kusuka naziphi na izinto ezifanelekileyo (iplastiki, ukuthambeka kwawo); kwiintlobo enjalo imithwalo abathuthwayo, apho ubukhulu oversized, kwaye ithunyelwe kuyo ngomnyango.
• "Leposi Flat". Kuyinto platform evulekileyo, encamathele umthwalo ngokusebenzisa iintsimbi ekhethekileyo (imoto, amaplanga njalo njalo. D.).
• "Thermal". Ezi izikhongozeli ithandwa kunye nabenzi ukutya, ngenxa yokuba kuye kwafakwa iifriji. Ukuthutha inyama, intlanzi, iimveliso zobisi ngoku ngaphandle kobunzima okukhulu.
• "Tank". Le fomu ikufanele uhambisa i mveliso ulwelo okanye sukube; ixabiso yi yobunzima elililo kwisikhongozeli.
• "Bulk owomileyo." Olu hlobo isetyenziselwa ukuhambisa imali eninzi yamaxhoba ezomileyo, ezo zilayishwe ngokwezambuku (iinkozo, etc.).
• "Umthwalo Neymd." Ezi ntlobo ke kugxininiswa ngakumbi emxinwa, njengoko usebenza kuphela ukwenza olunye uhlobo oluthile lwemveliso (umzekelo, izilwanyana); ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, kukho izixhobo ezikhethekileyo ukugcina izilwanyana.

Ke ukuba izikhongozeli injongo ngqo, ke, njengokuba sele kukhankanyiwe, kukho athwele:

• impahla owomileyo;
• ukuhambisa ulwelo;
• lwerhasi yezothutho;
• zokuhamba izinto eziphilayo (iinkuku, iinkomo).

Amacala izikhongozeli nabo zizakubalulwa ezahlukeneyo zabo. Ngoko ke, kukho:

• "Umgangatho foot-20". Ukuthuthwa zonke iintlobo imithwalo.
• "Umgangatho foot-40". Kuba impahla ezahlukeneyo zobukhulu amakhulu.
• "Haykyub". Ethubeni ngasezinyaweni amane ukuba ngaba inobunzima enkulu kunye nodonga onamandla kunene.
• "Top Vula", kwakunye nazo zonke ezinye iintlobo izikhongozelo. izikhongozelo ezinjalo, yaye 20 unyawo-nonyawo-40. Ukhetho ubukhulu kuxhomekeke kubungakanani umthwalo.

iindidi zokuhamba

Njengoko sele kukhankanyiwe, iintlobo izikhongozeli zixhomekeke nendlela zokuhamba iza kwenziwa. ukuqonda Emva kokufunda iimfuno buyo kweempahla kunye nokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwabo, siyazi ukuba isithuthi yahluke kakhulu kwezothutho, umzekelo, isitya kwezakha zakho. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, kwaye ukhetha uhlobo olufanelekileyo kwisikhongozeli. abathengi abaninzi bakhetha ukujongana nkampani omnye kuphela kulo lonke zokuhamba. Kodwa kukho kwakhona ngokokukhetha utshintsho yenethiwekhi kwi inkqubo ihamba. Kule mihla oko akusekho ngxaki. Into nje ukukhumbula ukuba, ukuba wena sisebenzisana kwinkampani enye, ukuziswa kwempahla liya kukudla sitshiphu kunokuba kunjalo, ukuba usebenzisa iinkonzo zeenkampani ezahlukeneyo.

Zokuhamba phezu w / e

Ukuze ukususa naziphi na iimpahla usebenzisa uloliwe kusetyenziswa isikhongozeli ubukhulu becala ubhetyebhetye ezinokuthi ukubamba namashumi amathathu amawaka eekhilogram. lula kakhulu kukuba kwizikhongozeli kufuneka izixhobo ekhethekileyo uncamathiselo eqongeni. Oku inika nitrogen elinqatyisiweyo imithwalo, kwaye yandisa ukhuseleko ngexesha izithuthi. Iibhotile inga siwa kumaqonga, iinqwelo iinqwelo ezivulekileyo. Akukho mfuneko yokuba ukulondoloza imali kwesi sigaba, ukuba ngaba ukhethe uhlobo olululo kwisikhongozeli kunye nohlobo delivery, isiphumo lweshishini kuxhomekeke kakhulu.

nempahla elwandle

Iintlobo ekuhanjisweni kwakhona azakubalulwa ngobukhulu. Kodwa ke kaninzi ezisetyenziswa kwezi ohambisa kwizikhongozeli ezomileyo, uhlobo jikelele kunye 'High Cube ", ngoxa umthamo wabo inokuba nomahluko, neenyawo uluhlu kangakanani ukusuka amabini ukuya kumashumi amane. Xa kunjalo, oku kuxhomekeke kuhlobo umthwalo. Soloko kuyimfuneko ukuba siqwalasele zikaxakeka kunokwenzeka ukuba kunokwenzeka elwandle. Ngoko ke, ethembeke ngakumbi isingxobo, kuyanqaba ukuya balahlekelwe okanye ukonakalisa impahla. Kulo mzekelo, omnye iingongoma ezingundoqo uthathwa ukuba indlela ekufumaneni impahla kunye nokupakishwa ngokwayo.

Le zeekhonteyina "North"

Olu uhlobo olukhethekileyo isikhongozeli, kuba isetyenziselwa wenqwelwana impahla, yaye ukuba abantu baphile phantsi kweemeko ezinzima emantla. It is a uhlobo mini-ndlu, exhotyiswe onke amaziko kuyimfuneko ukuze kuhlale abantu. Oku kuquka iparameters ezifana:

• udonga elana;
• ukhuseleko emlilweni ekhaya;
• iminyango ezizodwa kunye neefestile, musa ngumkhenkce ezibandayo kakhulu;
• supply amandla izimele;
• Ukutshisa kunye kakhulu ngakumbi.

Uphuhliso olu hlobo umgqomo kakhulu kuncitshiswa ngenkxamleko kubantu abasebenza apha ngasentla. Olu hlobo isikhongozeli ethandwa kakhulu, kokubini kweli lizwe lethu nakwamanye amazwe. Hayi nje movie, ebomini sijongene ukhetho onjalo "emantla" ekhaya. Kunzima ukubiza isikhongozeli yokuthumela, kodwa uhlale kuyo ngexesha zothutho Kusengenzeka. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, 'kwindlu' ubunzima ezintsha ezininzi. ngonyaka ngamnye wongeza lula ngakumbi ulungelelwaniso zobugcisa ukunyusa izinga intuthuzelo.