Apho kufuneka ibe zokubambelela abantu abakhubazekileyo? Ngeliphi na ububanzi we zokubambelela ukuphakama kufuneka angenzakali (GOST)

Ukuba abantu aphila ukuba ukwaluphala kakhulu kwaye uhlale usempilweni ngaxeshanye, kwakungayi kuba yimfuneko ukuba uluntu lonke abantu ukuphuhlisa nokuphumeza uluhlu lwezincedisi ezenza ubomi bube lula kwizigulane kunye yokuphazamiseka ukusebenza kwenkqubo musculoskeletal. Mhlawumbi eyona ilula, kodwa akukho ngaphantsi kubaluleke isiba isixhobo ezifana zokubambelela ngenxa abakhubazekileyo.

Kutheni kaloliwe?

Ngokuqhelekileyo, zokubambelela, ukunceda abantu nokuphungulwa ukushukumiseka, zezona noshowo izinto zokubiya, ezo banikwa izinyuko kunye ezithambekileyo ithambekele, ezisetyenziswa ukubonelela ngenkxaso ngethuba wehla, okanye nezinyuko. Onke amazwe self-nokuhlonipha yaseYurophu bakugqala umsebenzi yalo uyilo kunye nokwakhiwa kwezakhiwo yoluntu mveliso ukuthatha unonophelo ngokufumaneka ezinceda ezinjalo kubantu abakhubazekileyo. Ngokuxhobisa amakhaya kunye ofisi zokubambelela kwenza kucace ukuba umnini wesakhiwo okanye umqeshi wakhe ithatha unonophelo lwako wentuthuzelo kubo bonke abaxhamli beenkonzo zayo ngaphandle kokukhetha. izibonelelo zothutho kufuneka ziyilwe kuthathelwa ingqalelo into yokuba ziya kusetyenziswa ngabantu kunye nokuphungulwa ukuhamba.

Iindawo ufakelo olusisinyanzelo zokubambelela

Esi sakhiwo ithathwa sihambelane yonke imigangatho yaseYurophu, ukuba uhambo wonke umntu ukuncipha ukushukumiseka lukhatshwa zokubambelela yayo eludongeni-imvelaphi inyuselwa khona abantu abakhubazekileyo, akwazi ukulawula ngaphandle koncedo. Kufuneka ifakwe ezinjalo noshowo izinto izinyuko nokufakela iindawo. Kulo mzekelo, kungakuhle ukuba ukufaka ucingo kwi eziphakamileyo ezimbini: 70 cm - kubasebenzisi esinamavili, 90 cm - kuba ehamba kunye bonke abanye abantu. Nanini na kunokwenzeka, ezi izixhobo kufuneka banikwe zonke iindawo haunted ahlala. Ideal - kuxa umntu okhubazeke usebenzisa handrail Ungasa ngokukhuselekileyo ngeenxa zonke endlwini, nkqu ebumnyameni ngokupheleleyo.

iziqinisekiso zokhuseleko

Zokubambelela abantu abakhubazekileyo baya kuba ekhuselekileyo ngokupheleleyo kwaye lula kuphela xa umsebenzi wofakelo ibe yobuchule kunye iminyaka emininzi yamava kweli candelo. Kuphela umntu onjalo amandla hlengisa ngokuchanekileyo ezahlukeneyo imifuziselo ezikhoyo kubathengi zokubambelela uze ukhethe ukhetho zifanelekileyo kumntu ngamnye. Ngapha koko, kwinkqubo yokhetho kufuneka athathe ingqalelo izinto ezininzi ezibalulekileyo ngaxeshanye: i indawo yokufaka, isithuba igumbi kunye neempawu ngamnye ngumsebenzisi - umntu abe phezulu okanye ezantsi, obhityileyo okanye epheleleyo, ukuhamba ngokuzimeleyo okanye isitulo esinamavili. Ukuze ongenalwazi ukuhlanganiswa zonke ezi parameters kunokuba nzima.

Kwakhona namhlanje, abathengi zenziwa iinguqulelo ezimbini kaloliwe:

1. Ifakwe isethi epheleleyo zokubopha. Bona babe inzuzo yokuba oluzakunyuswa kuyo nayiphi na indawo elifunekayo, ngokuba ukulungisa eludongeni ezahlukeneyo izinto.

2. Ngaphandle zokubopha. Nandipha imfuno ngaphantsi, kuba kufuneka ukhethe eyakho entabeni wakho. Kodwa ke iindleko kaloliwe ngezantsi.

Kuphela ingcali nako ukuphichotha ngokufanelekileyo zonke "nezimbi" kunye "bawo", yaye ukuba zincede zikhethe enye okanye enye ukhetho, nto leyo eza kuqinisekisa intuthuzelo lula kwimeko nganye.

iinketho kunokwenzeka ukuba zokubambelela ngesitulo ukuba zangasese

Kuyinto zokubambelela mandatory yokuhlala abakhubazekileyo kufuneka mayixhotyiswe lokuhlambela. Utyeshelo iimfuno zendalo - inkqubo olusenyongweni, kwaye babeza kuba kakhulu abantu bekhululekile nemisebenzi mafutha encinane ukuba akwazi ukuya kwindlu yangasese ngokwabo, ngaphandle koncedo.

Kuxhomekeka kwindawo ngamanzi kumagunjana kunye nezakhono yesigulana, zokubambelela ukuba abakhubazekileyo kwindlu yangasese esisigxina okanye yokukhwabusha zingasetwa. Okokuqala, njengokuba umthetho, ingafakwa kwiindawo kwindawo enkulu ngokwaneleyo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, kuba lungiselelo obutofotofo kwaye elula yangasese ngenxa abakhubazekileyo ingafuna 3-4 handrail kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo kweli gumbi.

handrail ukusonga for abakhubazekileyo ezifakwe lokuhlamba kwindawo elincinane hayi ngokungqongqo ukunciphisa isithuba sele incinci kakhulu.

Iindawo zokuchopha zendlu yangasese ngenxa abakhubazekileyo

Ukuphucula umgangatho wobomi babantu kunye iimpawu ukuhamba yancitshiswa market kwimibhobho mihla inganikeza uluhlu lwezixhobo. Lo isenokuba amanzi esatsiba xa isitya yangasese kunye okanye ngaphandle komzila. Ukuba imeko yomntu onjalo ukuba asikwazi ukushukumiseka kwigumbi langasese ukuze athenge izitulo yangasese. Akukhethayo yokuqala okanye yesibini ukhetho kufuneka olusekelwe kucazululo imeko ebonakalayo lomntu okhubazekileyo, ubudala bakhe, amathuba kwabo bakhangela emva kwakhe, ubungakanani lokuhlamba, izakhono zobugcisa. Kwenye imeko, kusenokuba ngokwaneleyo ukuze bafumane amanzi esatsiba, yaye ngamanye amaxesha ngaphandle yangasese kwesihlalo sokucamagusha.

iimfuno ezisisiseko ukuya kwindlu yangasese ngenxa abakhubazekileyo

Iindawo zokuchopha zendlu yangasese kubantu abakhubazekileyo kunye zokubambelela kungandisa ukuphakama kwesihlalo kwaye kufuneka ube neempawu ezithile:

1. Le amandla (ukukwazi ukumelana ubunzima 136 kg).

2. lwezeMpilo (zixhobo myalelo kufuneka kube lula icocwe ngokusebenzisa amanzi, isepha okanye umgubo).

3. Le inertness ukunkcenkceshela.

4. Mobility (ubunzima ephantsi, ukukwazi ibattery kunye nezothutho xa kuyimfuneko).

5. Uzinzo (ukungakwazi isiliphu, balungisa eyomeleleyo).

6. nsimbi (inokubekwa kuyo nayiphi na indlela eqhelekileyo ngemibhobho yamanzi).

7. umlomo kunye zokubambelela yakhelwe nge yonke imithetho ergonomics.

imithetho basic

ekhethiweyo ezifana zokubambelela abantu abakhubazekileyo, yokufaka kulawulwa imimiselo ezimbini: GOST R51261-99 kunye isniphu 35-01-2001. La maxwebhu zonke kuyimfuneko iparameters ezichazwe iinkcukacha handrail (imilo, ubukhulu, uyilo wavumela ukuba mveliso izinto handrail). Ukuhambisana nazo zonke iimfuneko ukusebenzisa ekhuselekileyo kunye obutofotofo ezithambekileyo abakhubazekileyo kunye nezindlu zangasese zikawonke-wonke. Abanini izakhiwo ukukhusela ngokupheleleyo bona sisohlwayo ngokwaphula umthetho "Xa ukhuseleko lwentlalo invalids kwi Russian Federation."

Iimfuno imigangatho karhulumente isniphu nxamnye handrail abakhubazekile

zokubambelela Ifomu abantu abakhubazekileyo kufuneka lilawulwe kuphela luqwalaselo yobuhle. Kufuneka uthathe ingqalelo lula kunye nokhuseleko ngexesha lomsebenzi. GOST zokubambelela for abakhubazekileyo kuvumela imveliso ngentsimbi tubular. Icandelo umnqamlezo umbhobho inokuba setyhula, isikwere okanye uxande. Elingasebenziyo ekupheleni handrail egosogoso kufuneka uthi, a ikhweyitha okanye plug eflethini. Umthetho esisiseko - ukukwazi ukuqonda kakuhle i element ngesandla.

Ubude standard of zokubambelela kubantu abakhubazekileyo ukho kuluhlu ukusuka kuma-70 cm ukuya kwi-1 m. Xa kufikwa izinyuko nokufakela iindawo, umgama phakathi zokubambelela kuya kuba ngaphantsi kwe-1 m ukuya kwi situlo bafudukela ngaphandle kobunzima nokuhlukunyezwa. Isetyenziswa ukuba nokuveliswa zohlobo lwe uxande okanye setyhula cross-candelo. ehlelayo okoxande kufuneka 25-30 mm ubukhulu, babe enobubanzi ngeenxa ukuba handrail abakhubazekileyo kufuneka sibe uluhlu malunga ne30-50 mm. Apho kunokwenzeka, ezo zinto kufuneka bapase ubuncinane cm 30 ngaphaya amanyathelo yokuqala neyokugqibela ileli, umntu wakwazi ukufumana up endaweni ethe tyaba, hayi baphulukene ngexesha inkxaso efanayo.

Kuba abantu zokubambelela eliphantsi kufuneka ekuqaleni nasekupheleni eziphawulwe ngombala owahlukileyo (idla ezimhlophe okanye ezityheli). Ukhuselo, kufuneka kube kwiqondo eliphezulu iyawulwa umlilo. Ukuze kufumaneke ithambeka yenza abantwana abakhubazekileyo, inika ufakelo kocingo handrail nomphakamo 50 cm.

Izinto zokwakha ngokuba nokuveliswa zokubambelela

Of izinto ezifanele ukwenziwa kwe zokubambelela esinamavili, kukhethwa insimbi. Ukukhusela izakhiwo steel eqinile, abe nobomi ngenkonzo ende kwaye egalelwe ukuba unyango ukucoca rhoqo. arhente ndlongondlongo ukucoca, ngoncedo apho kweentsholongwane imihla izindlu zangasese zikawonke-wonke, hayi umonakalo appreciable ukuya nonyeliso ngentsimbi. Ukongeza, intsimbi engatyiwa iye isetyenziswe ngempumelelo zombini ngaphakathi nangaphandle.

imivalo bokuthatha ibekelwe abantu abakhubazekileyo - yinxalenye encinane kuphela yintoni ukwenza uluntu enempilo kubantu abakhubazekileyo kwemisebenzi weentshukumo esecaleni ophilileyo ecaleni. Ubukho loyilo abancedisayo enjalo ukubethelela emntwini, ndayihluthwa indalo, ukuzithemba kunye nobuchule.