Apho eMoscow ku Central Park? Gorky Park: imbali, inkcazo

De ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane XIX, intsimi leyo ngoku Gorky Park, laliphakathi ngaphandle kwesixeko. Namhlanje ke embindini ikomkhulu, indawo oluthandayo Muscovites.

Le setting nangokuzola, nentle, ibekwe phezu kweendonga oMlambo Moscow, omnye uya kufumana kwikona unfrequented apho azisithelisiwe umsindo befuna, thatha uhambo isikhephe okanye uthathe uhambahamba egadini iindawo buthuntu.

Gorky Park: Imbali

Xa le ndawo kwilifa Prince Trubetskoy, leyo wayedume kuphela izakhiwo iingangamsha kodwa wezityalo neentyantyambo, apho ukuchitha ixesha kunye iziyolo uluntu eliphezulu eMoscow.

Ngowe-1923 waba ecaleni kulo myezo kuqhutywa Exhibition All-Russian Agricultural. Oko ngeli xesha, kwagqitywa ekubeni kumiswe kwindawo mboniso, unondlwane Hills kunye umyezo buthuntu "Hlanganisa nenkcubeko ngumoya." Athotywa ipaki lokuqala lwethuba yiSoviet, lowo besilungiselelwe lokuququzelela lokuphola sabantu, eqhuba imfundo yezopolitiko kunye nomsebenzi kwezenkcubeko nezemfundo.

Ngo March 1928 urhulumente eMoscow ligqibe kwelokuba libekele ukuya kwi yangaphambili VSHV Central Park of Culture noLonwabo. Ukulungiselela le njongo, kukho ikhomishini yamiselwa ngenxa ukwakhiwa, ezafumana ezininzi iingcebiso ezivela abemi. Abanye kumele mayixhotyiswe yonke into eyimfuneko ukuze lokuphumla le paki. "Le ndawo green engundoqo kufuneka inikwe iimbaleki!" - ithi enye. Imibono ziye zabekelwa. Abanye abantu bayathanda ukubona Central Park yaba indawo ukhuphiswano lomculo kunye Ikonsathi. Muscovites ziye ngokushushu kuphikiswana kuya kuba kanye, kodwa wadala izandla zakhe. Ngelo livolontiya, uqoqo kwingoma ngokupheleleyo izakhiwo ezingeyomfuneko, ingene emhlabeni, Ncothuka kwizikhondo njalo njalo. D.

lokufumanisa

Ngokusesikweni, ipaki yavulwa ngo-Agasti 1928. iphephandaba Metropolitan ngosuku olungaphambi (Agasti 11, 1928) wamenywa apha zonke baloo dolophu. Babika ukuba imini emnyango somnyango park ikhululekile, kwaye ke iindleko iza kuba-10 eesenti. Ngaphezu koko, baye bakhululwa amatikiti lonyaka, ixabiso le-50 eesenti.

Ukufunyanwa yaba sisiganeko ngamazwe. Kungekho nenye indawo ehlabathini okwangoku kuzinza kude Park. Central zokuzonwabisa complex kuye kwatsala ingqalelo amazwe.

Planning park

umyili Chief izakhiwo wenziwa waqeshwa iMoscow constructivist K. Melnikov. Yaba ingcamango yakhe nezitali yezitshixo, nto leyo iye yagcinwa ukusa kwixesha lethu. Yena indawo leyo yenzelwe ukulungiselela i-All-Russian umyili Exhibition IV Zholtovsky.

Melnikov wayecebe ukufaka embindini lomthombo umhadi, apho, ngokutsho kwakhe, izakhiwo kwafuneka ukwenza jet amanzi. ayizange isetyenziswe msebenzi wakhe. Ngeminyaka yee-banesifo kwisiza, leyo zabelwa ekwakhiweni kwayo Melnikov, oko wadalwa ngasemthonjeni indalo eyahlukileyo kakhulu, sungula yi womzobi A. V. vlasova.

Central Moscow park kwakhiwa phezulu mboniso lokuqala enkundleni yemidlalo. Wabonakala zokuhomba ichibi, ukuzonwabisa kunye kudlalwa abantwana. Ngowe-1932, yaba igama layo - i-Central Gorky Park.

Betty Glan

Lona igama lomfazi ebhalwe ngoonobumba zegolide kwimbali epakini. Betty Glan waba umqondisi lokuqala (1929-1937 gg.). Eli xesha, ababhali-mbali elikholisa ukubizwa ngokuba 'era yegolide "ye epakini. Kule eko, oko kudla ngokuthiwa kungekuphela nje "isityalo yenkcubeko sokuguqulwa lokuqonda."

Ngowe-1929, kuvuselelwa epakini okuqhubekayo. Rodrigo umyili Dacosta (saseBrazil) izakugcinwa ngumnquba "isebe unokwakhela" (ulawulo lwangoku), kwaye wabeka cinema ephilileyo. Waba edume ngokwenene kwaye ethandwa eMoscow wasebenza ukuya emfazweni, kodwa ukuqhushumba wayitshabalalisa ngo-1942.

ukuba kwakukuninzi ephalisa epakini. Ezithandwa kakhulu basebenzisa imitha-35 iparashute ithawa kunye nokwehla ephotheneyo, ibekwe kuMlambo eMoscow. Iindwendwe kuwo zadilika, esebenzisa pads ezizodwa.

Isambuku nomtsalane yayimi phakathi "iihexagons" kunye Pioneer Pond. Nkundla "Hex" - yokutyela kunye neetafile ezijikeleze intendelezo emthonjeni. Le paki zinginginya iziganeko ezininzi ezahlukeneyo rhoqo. Iya isanda, "Complex yeNkcubeko", "kwiyunivesithi eluhlaza" nepaki ebizwa ngokuba 'ze ubomi obutsha "," isikolo seCawe "njalo-njalo. D.

Phantsi kwesikhokelo Betty Glan waba waziwa kulo lonke ihlabathi, oko liye laba uphawu ngurhulumente omtsha yali.

Ngowe-1937, uBetty wabanjwa emva kokuba umyeni wakhe. Kule nkampu, wachitha iminyaka elishumi elinesixhenxe elide, kodwa wasinda waza kwimo ngo-1954. Emva kokukhululwa kwakhe, yena sele kudala wasebenza Union of Abaqambi. Incwadi memoirs yakhe yapapashwa ngo-1988. Ngo-2008, xa Central Gorky Park ibhiyozele iminyaka yayo 85th, incwadi Betty Glan kwakhona yakhutshwa.

uphuhliso yale paka

ngoko nangoko Muscovites wayethanda le paki. A central igadi kunye ipaki ezimbaxa kwisuntswana umzi ube yindawo abayithandayo yokuphumla. Ngokuthe ngcembe oko yaqala ukubonakala: uLenin Square, i Bolshoi kunye Maly theater, abantwana ibala, "ezijikeleze ekuhleni" (Attraction), njalo-njalo ...

Egadini Neskuchnii kwidolophu emkhosini, sigaba Symphonic imisiwe epakini Golitsyn - "cwaka". Hunting kunye nezindlu Vanny wajika yeti, amashwamshwam - "Samovarnik" yaye "Float". emazantsi egadini buthuntu (kunye ebisenyobeni eSt Andrew kaThixo) wathabatha ikhefu kwidolophu ngosuku olunye. Apha, ukongeza izindlu zokuhlala yaba ipaki yabucala kunye emendweni, ingca kunye neebhedi intyatyambo, umdaniso kunye namabala emidlalo, umculo kunye umboniso eqongeni, igumbi efunda kunye neentlobo ezinika.

Gorky Park namhlanje

Njengoko sele kukhankanyiwe, iprojekthi yophuhliso yale ndawo paki emangalisayo, yade ngenxa ngeekhilomitha ezisixhenxe kuMlambo Moscow, liqela nabayili ekhokelwa avant-garde K. S. Melnikovym. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ubeko phantse bubuhle ezigcinwe ixesha lethu.

Huge woloyiso Arch nguye isango epakini ukusuka shaft iCrimea. Enye nomnyango ukusuka chibi (e Bridge St. Andrews), kwakunye evela Leninsky Prospekt. Central Park ligubungela ummandla weehektare 109. It lungahlulwa-hlulwa zibe imimandla emibini - Kukruqula igadi kunye emhlabeni. Centre lokugqibela buyifanele ngumthombo omangalisayo zomculo, apho uthanda ukuya kuphumla Muscovites kunye neendwendwe. Kwi kwintsimi kukho imithombo yamanzi amaninzi amancinci.

inxalenye onomtsalane park abahlala Golitsin amachibi (isiqingatha ngehektare) kunye namachibi eziliqela ezincinci, leyo singqongwe izitiya rose kunye neebhedi intyatyambo. ichibi Golitsin lungahlulwa-hlulwa ibe iinxalenye ezimbini: omnye kubo bonke weentaka ehlotyeni kunye amadada, inxalenye yesibini yenzelwe lokuqhuba phezu catamarans namaphenyane.

Xa ngasentshonalanga park a theatre oluhlaza, leyo yakhiwa ngo-1928 kwaye alungisiweyo gqira emva kwexesha. Namhlanje, oko zinginginya iikonsathi ezahlukeneyo nokhuphiswano. Emva kokuba iqale Pushkinskaya eweni kunye egadini enkulu Kukruqula. Le park iye ezamahala Wi-Fi, kukho iindlela Umjikelo kakhulu, idolophu intambo for "Panda Park" abantwana, yokudlalela umdla ngakumbi.

nokuzonwabisa

Namhlanje, Muscovites, abakhenkethi Russian angaphandle bonwabela utyelela Gorky Park. Kweenkcubeko zokuzonwabisa iziko ngundoqo eyinkunzi utsala abantu landscape buvele ezininzi ezahlukeneyo zokuzonwabisa abantwana kunye nabantu abadala.

ungaya kwi an exciting uhambo iiyure ezintathu ecaleni River eMoscow phezu kwezikhephe "Radisson Royal Moscow" Kwi Pushkinskaya Naberezhnaya. "Pioneer" a zasehlotyeni open-air cinema. Apha ungabona bhanya odumileyo Soviet.

ezemidlalo

Central Park (Moscow) igcina orientation yayo ezemidlalo ezendeleyo iminyaka indalo yayo, namhlanje. Isebenzisa iziko treadmill, iiklasi yoga. abathandi Table tennis athande "Ping-Pong-Park" kwaye mihla iinkundla yentenetya kunye zokwaleka yobungcali udibana imigangatho yaseYurophu. Kukho amasimi beach yevoli kunye nebhola ekhatywayo. uyakwazi ukuqasha recumbent okanye izileyi, isithuthuthu okanye ibhayisekile kunye nezinye izixhobo zemidlalo epakini.

Muscovites abaninzi balindele phambili ukuvulwa kunyaka ngamnye Gorky Park ice salo ngumkhenkce iisoyi kunye nokukhanya ntofontofo. Isebenza ukususela kuNovemba ukuya kuMatshi. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ukutyabeka unako ukumelana nkqu lobushushu ngentla-zero. Lelona ice salo inkulu eYurophu - kwindawo elinesibhozo lamawaka square metres.

Siya kuyivuyela ezemidlalo abathandi estremalnyh sentaba ngumntu for snowboarders. Eli ziko elikhulu enjalo ehlabathini. Yakhelwe phezu iprojekthi eyodwa. Indlela up kummandla ngenxa snowboarders saqala iingcibi anamava. afakelwe iisoyi ivumela umsebenzi intaba yonke ubusika.

isiko

Le paki usebenza "Garage" - Centre for Contemporary neNkcubeko. umsebenzi wayo ophambili kukukhuthaza zobugcisa lwanamhlanje. Le nkundla ibamba nokuhlolwa rhoqo ngemisebenzi iyahlolwa kwaye asakhasayo amagcisa imiboniso, luhlola bhanyabhanya kunye nezifundo.

Ingaba ikhona ipaki wokuzonwabisa?

Namhlanje epakini apho, baye dismantle ngo-2011. Endaweni yoko, impi ezinika ukuba abantwana. Omnye wabo - i "Green School". Apha, kids simazi abalinganiswa cartoons zabantwana kunye iintsomi kubo, wazivula iingcango club bayo, enxibe igama funny "Mamalysh".

Abantwana abadala abanomdla zoo mini okanye belchatnika. Apha ungenza ukondla izilwanyana ephatha wayithengayo koomatshini.

Ulutsha uthanda ukutyelela observatory Labantu, neyasekwa ngowe-1929. Kuye ngokutsha kwaye kwakhona namhlanje ayibonayo abatyeleli. Dome Observatory iyajikeleza degrees 360. It efakwe samaza okhulisa imizimba yasezulwini izihlandlo 840. Le Observatory yabamba iintetho simahla ngokukhokela ngamalungu iziko engundoqo eMoscow.

Zokudlela zokudlela

amaziko afana kuloo mmandla kukho ezininzi omkhulu epakini. Umzekelo, kwindawo yokutyela ngasemlanjeni "Seasons" uyakwazi ukungcamla izitya okumnandi kwase Russian kanye zaseYurophu (umtya cod abamnyama, umzekelo). Le venkile inika Pelman ekukhonzeni amadombolo aqholiweyo kushushu ofakwe yonke ukunambitheka. Abathandi dessert ukukhanya bacebisa View Fruit Bar, apho uyakwazi ukungcamla iziqhamo isaladi yokuqala.

Indlela ukufika Central Park?

Zokuzonwabisa Isakhiwo emangalisayo ukuhambisela ukusuka kwisikhululo metro "Park Kultury". Indlela iza kukuthatha imizuzu engekho ngaphezu kweshumi.