Andrianov ikhampasi - ngukhokho indlela mihla navigation

Ukuya ukuhamba ezizimeleyo, zonke kwabakhenkethi ukucinga nzulu kwindlela yakho. Ukuze bangakhe balinge baphume ecaleni kwindlela ekhethiweyo, izixhobo eziyimfuneko yokukhangela. (Адрианова) – дешевый, надежный и компактный инструмент, помогающий путешественнику сориентироваться на местности. Compass Andrianova (Hadrian) - cheap, isixhobo ezithembekileyo compact ukunceda abahambi bafumane indlela yawo emhlabeni.

Analog vs. izixhobo navigation digital

Namhlanje, nto leyo igcwale zonke iintlobo izixhobo zobuchwepheshe lokuba abakhenkethi bathanda electronic GPS-esasihamba endaweni imephu iphepha ikhampasi, kakhulu alibale ukuba umngxunya ukutshajisa wahlala ekhaya, kwaye uphawu satellite ngexesha elifanelekileyo ungalahleka. Ezichanekileyo kwaye ngoku imephu ngesimo ngokudibene ne kongqameko zisekho orientation iphambili izixhobo ekudibaneni kwe zasendle.

Ngaphezu koko, kukho iziganeko ezizodwa ebizwa ngokuba yi-orienteering, apho abathathi-nxaxheba babonisa izakhono zabo umzila landela ncam, esebenzisa kuphela imaphu kunye nekhampasi.

zezinto ngekompas

Okokuqala, kukho ngekompas, electronic and ngemagnethi.

Ngu ngekhompyutha zibandakanya: ngekompas irediyo (nal - nawuphi na umthombo kwamaza erediyo), ngekompas zokuhamba ngekhompyutha (nal - lo mhlaba otsalayo iplanethi yethu, leyo iza kucacisa ulwalathiso abenzi iitshiphusi) kunye GPS / GLONASS-omkhulu (nal - iziganeko kunye ukuma Hewana Bajikeleza). Esi ichanekile kakhulu kwaye izixhobo ezininzi eziphambili yokuqingqa indawo into isithuba.

Abameli maqela alandelayo - ngekompas ngemagnethi - zisetyenziselwa amawaka eminyaka kwangomnye umntu. Imveliso yokuqala intsimbi magnetic, esalatha nje kwelinye icala ukuya kwelasezantsi, kwaye enye ukuya emantla, lwasungulwa China kwiminyaka engaphezu kwama engamawaka amabini eyadlulayo yaye wabizwa ngokuba "synan" - ". Isigxina South"

), военные, геологические, гироскопические, астрономические и компасы-буссоли. Ukubandakanya umdla nosiba (kubandakanywa Andrianov ikhampasi), emkhosini, zejoloji, lempukane, ngekompas, ngeenkwenkwezi ikhampasi. Bonke asebenza kwi-mgaqo, yakhekani yezikim ezifanayo, yaye zahluke kuphela Windows RT ezimbalwa ezenza uhlobo oluthile unique nokuchaza umda kwesixhobo.

A ummeli wendlela iqela yi Andrianov ikhampasi. Lasungulwa ngenkulungwane yokugqibela, esi sixhobo zokuqhuba inqanawa nangoku ngenkuthalo isetyenziswa abakhenkethi kulo lonke ihlabathi.

Compass Andrianova (iifoto, imbali)

Ngowe-1907, injineli Russian zinetalente cartographer zomkhosi Vladimir Nikolaevich Adrianov thaca umyalelo yokuqala ikhampasi emkhosini. I elula yoyilo, ukuthembeka kunye nokuchaneka fyabo wazisa ithandwa kakhulu. Imbeko isixhobo yombhali ibizwa ikhampasi Hadrian. Kwiminyaka elandelayo ukuya kwixesha langoku basoloko zonakaliswa igama umsunguli, ngokudibanisa unobumba "n." ». Ngoko omnye ethandwa izixhobo umhambi bafumana ezongezelelweyo, igama Indies "Andrianov ikhampasi."

Design Compass nangemigaqo yokusebenza

не претерпело кардинальных изменений за последнее столетие. Isixhobo ikhampasi Andrianova ayikhange utshintsho enkulu phezu kwinkulungwane yokugqibela. Le ikhampasi kazibuthe le yokuhlela mihla kudluliselwa kwiqela abakhenkethi, isebenza kumgaqo yentsebenziswano kwamabala okudalwe umazibuthe esisigxina ngamasimi kazibuthe kulo mhlaba.

Esi sixhobo imilo setyhula zincopho zininzi, legqunyiwe ekhanyayo, ngaphakathi kuyo inaliti esijikeleziswa le nosiba, Iziphelo eziphawuleka kunye imibala eyahlukileyo - eluhlaza nebomvu. izindlu Fringing ukhandwa njenge dial eya kuthi yongezwe batshintshana umsesane apho zilungiswe reticle ezimbini. Ifowuni mayixhotyiswe yesikhumba emagwegweni umtya oyibhalayo akhiwa. Ecaleni umzimba iyakwazi ukukunyanzela ukulungisa ngeentolo - wokubambisa.

имеет внутреннюю камеру, заполненную воздухом. Andrianov ikhampasi ine kwigumbi langaphakathi nomoya. ngekompas Modern kusetyenziswa isinqandi engamanzi endaweni umoya, nto leyo idala eliphakathi viscous, nto leyo eyenza iintolo intshukumo kunye egalelwe ugeleza.

Imigaqo ezisisiseko orientation

Ngaphambi usebenzisa ikhampasi, kuyimfuneko ukujongana kwezinye iziseko theoretical component.

Ukuqhutywa ngokwemveli kusetyenziswa imimandla emine engundoqo: North, South, East, West. Ukuze ngokucokisekileyo ngakumbi babone icala nengqiqo motion iveziwe "azimuth".

Azimut - eli xabiso engile, kulinganiswa ngokwamazinga, ukususela North ukuya kwicala kwangaphambili niye kwicala langasekunene. Ukuze afudukele ukusuka kwindawo yangoku ukuya ekupheleni indawo (indawo) indlela, isivakashi kufuneka bazi kukunikela nomgama ukuya ngongoma, kwakunye ukujonga indawo eMntla. Amaxabiso ezimbini zokuqala kufuneka kwaziwe kwangaphambili okanye kumiselwa emephini uze ufumane North nje ukunceda nekhampasi.

Practical isicelo zekhampasi Adrianov

. Ngaphambi kokuba uqalise uhambo ukukhumbula ukuba usebenzise indlela ikhampasi Andrianova. Okokuqala kufuneka ukutsala catch, ngaloo ndlela yokukhulula utolo isixhobo ngemagnethi. Emva koko ke nekhampasi kufuneka kubekwa tyaba. Emva ezimbalwa eluphendula utolo zokumisa ngokucothayo kwaye ekupheleni kwayo, zipeyintwe oluhlaza, libonisa North. Okulandelayo, umzimba isixhobo ku gqiba de iintolo blue ukuphawula amanqaku enxebeni ukudayela "C". Ngenxa yoko, siye uyicacisile imiyalelo eziphambili zehlabathi, "C" - i-North, "Yu" - South, "Z" - West, i "B" - i-East.

Ngoku lixesha lokuba ukugqiba azimuth. Okokuqala sithole ixabiso ukulaba ikhampasi yokudayala isikali yethu. Lonke achazwe apha degrees 360. Kufuneka ukufumana emi ecaleni ilayibhuli amanani kunye nenani elikhulu ukuthatha kancinci. Isiphumo kufuneka bahlulwe ngenani yoqhekeko (ziqwempu) phakathi kwamanani. Umzekelo: kwisitupu ilahlwe silixabisile 15 no-30, phakathi kwicandelo 3 (division). Ixabiso division nganye (30-15) / 3 = 5 degrees.

Ngoku, ukusuka kwindawo zero ( "C", North) elinye ngku azimuth oyifunayo batshintshana ring isithuthuthu. Umz, ukuba ukulibazisa azimuth degrees 75 kuyimfuneko ukutshintsha ebengumsesane ukusuka ngamaqela kwiqanda ukuya 15 ngku.

Qwalasela imeko lutolo, ukuba kunjalo kufuneka achaze uphawu eluhlaza kwi "C". Ngoku, ngokukhangela ngapha slits reticles emehlweni, siyazi indlela yokuhamba phezu azimuth elinikiweyo.

Compass Hadrian yaba kwaye iya kuba sisixhobo inokuthenjwa nefikelelekayo kumntu namphi na umhambi. Ukuphucula izakhono navigation usebenzisa imephu kunye ikhampasi, singakwazi ngokuzithemba sihambe entlango ngaphandle umngcipheko balahleke.